Epidemic cutaneous sporotrichosis: Report of 16 cases in Queensland due to mouldy hay

Conias, Samantha; Wilson, Perry

doi:10.1111/j.1440-0960.1998.tb01239.x

Cited by 41 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Hay bales were reported as being visually moldy. This agrees with the observations made during the outbreak of sporotrichosis linked to hay in Queensland in 1995 (2).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Macrorestriction Analysis of Clinical and Environmental Isolates of Sporothrix schenckii

O'Reilly

Altman

2006

J Clin Microbiol

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Sporothrix schenckii causes sporotrichosis, a disease that most commonly presents as a subacute or chronic skin infection. An unusually high incidence of clinical cases of sporotrichosis occurred in the southwest of Western Australia over the last 5 years. Anecdotal accounts from patients implicated contact with hay prior to infection. Isolates of S. schenckii from hay and clinical cases were investigated by traditional phenotypic methods and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The phenotypic evaluation separated S. schenckii from Ophiostoma spp. A DNA macrorestriction method using SfiI and NotI macrorestriction digestion by PFGE was developed to investigate the epidemiological connections. BioNumerics software was used to analyze the results. DNA macrorestriction digestion patterns for the recent Western Australian clinical isolates and four hay isolates were indistinguishable. Eastern state clinical isolates, national Quality Assurance Program isolates, and other environmental isolates gave different macrorestriction patterns. Clinical isolates from the southwest of Western Australia collected in the 1980s and 1990s were also characterized using PFGE. The patterns generated were indistinguishable from those of the recent clinical isolates. PFGE showed that the dominant strain of S. schenckii causing sporotrichosis in Western Australia is present in hay, has caused sporotrichosis for at least 15 years, and is a different strain from the strains found in other parts of Australia.

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“…Hay bales were reported as being visually moldy. This agrees with the observations made during the outbreak of sporotrichosis linked to hay in Queensland in 1995 (2).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Macrorestriction Analysis of Clinical and Environmental Isolates of Sporothrix schenckii

O'Reilly

Altman

2006

J Clin Microbiol

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“…Perkins (Conias and Wilson 1998), and two species isolated from mouldy hay, Ophiostoma stenoceras (Robak) Nannf. and O. nigrocarpum (R.W.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ophiostoma species (Ophiostomatales, Ascomycota), including two new taxa on eucalypts in Australia

et al. 2011

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The genus Ophiostoma accommodates ascomycetes in the order Ophiostomatales, some of which are important pathogens of trees. Although these fungi are well known in the northern hemisphere, very little is known regarding their occurrence or importance in Australia. The aim of the present study was to collect Ophiostoma spp. infecting wounds on Eucalyptus spp. in Australia, where most of these trees are native. Collections were made in three states of Australia and the isolates were identified using morphological and multigene-sequence comparisons. Of the 76 isolates collected, two previously unknown species of Ophiostoma were found and these are described here as O. tasmaniense sp. nov. and O. undulatum sp. nov. In addition, O. quercus (Georgev.) Nannf. and O. tsotsi Grobbelaar, Z.W.de Beer & M.J.Wingf. are reported for the first time from eucalypts in Australia and the distribution of Pesotum australiae Kamgan Nkuekam, Jacobs & Wingfield is expanded to include eucalypts in Tasmania. In pathogenicity tests, very small lesions were observed in both the bark and xylem of E. grandis (Hill) Maiden trees, suggesting that none of the collected species is a pathogen of Eucalyptus spp.

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“…While this family of fungi includes important plant pathogens, S. schenckii is a human pathogen commonly found in soil or vegetation with infections commonly seen in agricultural workers and gardeners. It is the etiologic agent of a disease known as sporotrichosis, an important cutaneous lymphatic mycosis with a worldwide distribution [2-4]. S. schenckii is dimorphic and can grow either in a mycelial form with long branching filaments at 25°C or in the form of spherical ovoid yeast cells which are typically found in animal hosts [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of the heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunit SSG-1 of Sporothrix schenckii with proteins related to stress response and fungal pathogenicity using a yeast two-hybrid assay

et al. 2010

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BackgroundImportant biological processes require selective and orderly protein-protein interactions at every level of the signalling cascades. G proteins are a family of heterotrimeric GTPases that effect eukaryotic signal transduction through the coupling of cell surface receptors to cytoplasmic effector proteins. They have been associated with growth and pathogenicity in many fungi through gene knock-out studies. In Sporothrix schenckii, a pathogenic, dimorphic fungus, we previously identified a pertussis sensitive G alpha subunit, SSG-1. In this work we inquire into its interactions with other proteins.ResultsUsing the yeast two-hybrid technique, we identified protein-protein interactions between SSG-1 and other important cellular proteins. The interactions were corroborated using co-immuneprecipitation. Using these techniques we identified a Fe/Mn superoxide dismutase (SOD), a glyceraldehyde-3-P dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and two ion transport proteins, a siderophore-iron transporter belonging to the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) and a divalent-cation transporter of the Nramp (natural resistance-associated macrophage protein) family as interacting with SSG-1. The cDNA's encoding these proteins were sequenced and bioinformatic macromolecular sequence analyses were used for the correct classification and functional assignment.ConclusionsThis study constitutes the first report of the interaction of a fungal G alpha inhibitory subunit with SOD, GAPDH, and two metal ion transporters. The identification of such important proteins as partners of a G alpha subunit in this fungus suggests possible mechanisms through which this G protein can affect pathogenicity and survival under conditions of environmental stress or inside the human host. The two ion transporters identified in this work are the first to be reported in S. schenckii and the first time they are identified as interacting with fungal G protein alpha subunits. The association of G protein alpha subunits to transport molecules reinforces the role of G proteins in the response to environmental signals and also highlights the involvement of fungal G protein alpha subunits in nutrient sensing in S. schenckii. These interactions suggest that these permeases could function as transceptors for G proteins in fungi.

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Epidemic cutaneous sporotrichosis: Report of 16 cases in Queensland due to mouldy hay

Cited by 41 publications

References 12 publications

Macrorestriction Analysis of Clinical and Environmental Isolates of Sporothrix schenckii

Macrorestriction Analysis of Clinical and Environmental Isolates of Sporothrix schenckii

Ophiostoma species (Ophiostomatales, Ascomycota), including two new taxa on eucalypts in Australia

Interaction of the heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunit SSG-1 of Sporothrix schenckii with proteins related to stress response and fungal pathogenicity using a yeast two-hybrid assay

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