Epicrania Fugax: An Ultrabrief Paroxysmal Epicranial Pain

Pareja, JA; Cuadrado, María‐Luz; Fernández‐de‐las‐Peñas, César; Caminero, AB; Nieto, Consuelo; Sánchez, Carmen; Sols, M.; Porta‐Etessam, Jesús

doi:10.1111/j.1468-2982.2007.01515.x

Cited by 70 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(25 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

100

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…As LH pain is circumscribed in an area of linear shape and this line-shaped trajectory is similar to that of EF pain [1-7], we need to differentiate it from EF. On the other hand, the area of the LH pain is correspondent to the scalp area supplied by the supraorbital nerve (SON) and the greater occipital nerve (GON), we also need to differentiate it from trigeminal (TN) and occipital neuralgia (ON) and some trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TACs) including short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT) and short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with cranial autonomic symptoms (SUNA).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But a headache area shaped in a linear trajectory which is not confined to the territory of one particular nerve has never been reported before the first report of Epicrania fugax (EF) by Pareja et al in 2008 [1]. EF is characterized by brief pain paroxysms starting in a particular area of the posterior scalp, and rapidly radiating forwards along a linear trajectory to reach the ipsilateral forehead, eye, or nose in a few seconds [1-4]. And the paroxysmal pain may also move in an opposite direction along this trajectory [5-7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Linear headache: a recurrent unilateral head pain circumscribed in a line-shaped area

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundA headache circumscribed in a line-shaped area but not confined to the territory of one particular nerve had ever been described in Epicrania Fugax (EF) of which the head pain is moving and ultrashort. In a 25-month period from Feb 2012 to Mar 2014, we encountered 12 patients with a paroxysmal motionless head pain restricted in a linear trajectory. The head pain trajectory was similar to that of EF, but its all other features obviously different from those of EF. We named this distinctive but undescribed type of headache linear headache (LH).MethodsA detailed clinical feature of the headache was obtained in all cases to differentiate with EF, trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TACs) and cranial neuralgia. Similarities and differences in clinical features were compared between LH and migraine.ResultsThe twelve LH patients (mean age 43.9 ± 12.2) complained of a recurrent, moderate to severe, distending (n = 9), pressure-like (n = 3) or pulsating (n = 3) pain within a strictly unilateral line-shaped area. The painful line is distributed from occipital or occipitocervical region to the ipsilateral eye (n = 5), forehead (n = 6) or parietal region (n = 1). The pain line has a trajecory similar to that of EF but no characteristics of moving. The headache duration would be ranged from five minutes to three days, but usually from half day to one day in most cases (n = 8). Six patients had the accompaniment of nausea with or without vomiting, and two patients had the accompaniment of ipsilateral dizziness. The attacks could be either spontaneous (n = 10) or triggered by noise, depression and resting after physical activity (n = 1), or by stress and staying up late (n = 1). The frequency of attacks was variable. The patients had well response to flunarizine, sodium valproate and amitriptyline but not to carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine. LH is different from EF, trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TACs) and cranial neuralgia, but it had couple of features similar to that of migraine.ConclusionsThe clinical picture of LH might be a subtype of migraine, or represent a novel syndrome.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linear headache: a recurrent unilateral head pain circumscribed in a line-shaped area

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Epicrania fugax (EF) is a recently described headache syndrome 1. It has been classified as a primary headache in the research Appendix of the 3rd edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-III, beta version) 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pain frequency is highly variable. Most pain attacks are spontaneous, but some of them can be triggered by tactile stimulation1,3 or with cranio- or orofacial movements 4…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Initial descriptions depicted a unilateral pain spreading from posterior cranial areas to the ipsilateral anterior scalp, following a linear or zigzag trajectory – that is the classical forward EF 1,5. Later on, a backward EF – with pain radiating from frontal areas toward the posterior scalp – was also described, with no demographic or clinical differences between both variants 6–8.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Epicrania fugax combining forward and backward paroxysms in the same patient: the first four cases

Barón-Sánchez¹,

Gutiérrez-Viedma²,

Ruiz-Piñero³

et al. 2017

JPR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe first description of epicrania fugax (EF) reported brief painful paroxysms that start in posterior regions of the scalp and move forward to reach the ipsilateral forehead, eye, or nose. A backward variation, wherein pain stems from frontal areas and radiates to the posterior scalp, has also been acknowledged. We report four patients with features reminiscent of EF and the coexistence of forward and backward pain paroxysms.MethodsWe considered all patients attending the headache outpatient office at two tertiary hospitals from March 2008 to March 2016. We enrolled four patients with paroxysms fulfilling criteria for EF and a combination of forward and backward radiations.ResultsIn all cases, pain paroxysms moved both in forward and backward directions with either a zigzag (n=2) or linear (n=2) trajectory. Three patients presented two stemming points, in the occipital scalp and forehead (n=2) or in the parietal area and eye (n=1), whereas the fourth patient only had a stemming point located in the parietal region. Pain quality was mainly stabbing, and its intensity was moderate (n=1) or severe (n=3). The duration of the paroxysms was highly variable (3–30 seconds), and two patients reported autonomic symptoms.ConclusionThe clinical picture presented by our patients does not fit with other types of known headache or neuralgia syndromes; we propose it corresponds to a bidirectional variant of EF.

show abstract

New Daily Persistent Headache, Hemicrania Continua, Primary Stabbing Headache, Hypnic Headache, Nummular Headache

Evers

Pareja

2011

Handbook of Headache

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Epicrania Fugax: An Ultrabrief Paroxysmal Epicranial Pain

Cited by 70 publications

References 23 publications

Linear headache: a recurrent unilateral head pain circumscribed in a line-shaped area

Linear headache: a recurrent unilateral head pain circumscribed in a line-shaped area

Epicrania fugax combining forward and backward paroxysms in the same patient: the first four cases

New Daily Persistent Headache, Hemicrania Continua, Primary Stabbing Headache, Hypnic Headache, Nummular Headache

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About