Epicardial Adipose Tissue Is Associated With Visceral Fat, Metabolic Syndrome, and Insulin Resistance in Menopausal Women

Muñoz, María Julia; Acevedo, Lourdes Basurto; Pérez, Nydia Córdova; Martı́nez, Ana; Gutiérrez, Nayive Tepach; García, Salvador Gómez; Cruz, Abraham Majluf; Martínez, Alma Díaz; García, Renata Saucedo; Treviño, Arturo Zárate; Escudero, Eduardo Alberto; Cordova, Jose

doi:10.1016/j.rec.2013.10.011

Cited by 34 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…Obesity is a significant risk factor for heart failure, with a prevalence of 70% in individuals with morbid obesity for 20 years and 90% in those with morbid obesity for 30 years . Adipose tissue is an active endocrine organ that secretes multiple signaling molecules, among them leptin, adiponectin, and resistin . Pericardial thickness has a direct association with inappropriately high left ventricular (LV) mass and an inverse association with fractional shortening (FS) , and it also decreases LV function .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adipose tissue is an active endocrine organ that secretes multiple signaling molecules, among them leptin, adiponectin, and resistin . Pericardial thickness has a direct association with inappropriately high left ventricular (LV) mass and an inverse association with fractional shortening (FS) , and it also decreases LV function . In contrast, echocardiographic assessment of epicardial fat may be a reliable marker of cardiovascular risk, at least in females .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardioprotective Heme Oxygenase‐1‐PGC1α Signaling in Epicardial Fat Attenuates Cardiovascular Risk in Humans as in Obese Mice

Singh

McClung

Thompson

et al. 2019

Obesity

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Objective This study investigated whether levels of signaling pathways and inflammatory adipokines in epicardial fat regulate cardiovascular risks in humans and mice. Methods Epicardial fat was obtained from the hearts of patients with heart failure requiring coronary artery bypass surgery, and signaling pathways were compared with visceral fat. The genetic profile of epicardial and visceral fat from humans was also compared with genetic profiles of epicardial and visceral fat in obese mice. Left ventricular (LV) fractional shortening was measured in obese mice before and after treatment with inducers of mitochondrial signaling heme oxygenase 1 (HO‐1)‐peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma coactivator 1‐alpha (PGC1α). An RNA array/heat map on 88 genes that regulate adipose tissue function was used to identify a target gene network. Results Human epicardial fat gene profiling showed decreased levels of mitochondrial signaling of HO‐1‐PGC1α and increased levels of the inflammatory adipokine CCN family member 3. Similar observations were seen in epicardial and visceral fat of obese mice. Improvement in LV function was linked to the increase in mitochondrial signaling in epicardial fat of obese mice. Conclusions There is a link between cardiac ectopic fat deposition and cardiac function in humans that is similar to that which is described in obese mice. An increase of mitochondrial signaling pathway gene expression in epicardial fat attenuates cardiometabolic dysfunction and LV fractional shortening in obese mice.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardioprotective Heme Oxygenase‐1‐PGC1α Signaling in Epicardial Fat Attenuates Cardiovascular Risk in Humans as in Obese Mice

Singh

McClung

Thompson

et al. 2019

Obesity

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“…Desde la primera definición de síndrome metabólico (SM) realizada por la OMS en 1999, se han propuesto otras definiciones alternativas, siendo las más aceptadas las de la International Diabetes Federation, la American Heart Association y el National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (1,2). Todas coinciden en que el SM consiste en la agregación de una serie de signos biológicos o hábitos adquiridos que favorecen la aparición de enfermedades cardiovasculares (factores de riesgo cardiovascular) como son la obesidad abdominal, la dislipemia y la elevación de la presión arterial y la glucemia (1).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Todas coinciden en que el SM consiste en la agregación de una serie de signos biológicos o hábitos adquiridos que favorecen la aparición de enfermedades cardiovasculares (factores de riesgo cardiovascular) como son la obesidad abdominal, la dislipemia y la elevación de la presión arterial y la glucemia (1).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Durante la menopausia y la perimenopausia, periodo anterior a la menopausia, en el que se produce la declinación de la fertilidad y aumenta la irregularidad de los ciclos menstruales, aumenta la posibilidad de sufrir SM (1,3). Este hecho es debido a la inminente pérdida de la función ovárica y la reducción de las concentraciones circulantes de estrógenos, ocasionadas por los profundos cambios metabólicos y hormonales propios de ambas etapas, que provocan, entre otras, modificaciones en la resistencia a la insulina, alteraciones en el perfil lipídico, hipertensión y cambios en la distribución del tejido adiposo visceral y corporal (3)(4)(5)(6).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Síndrome metabólico y grasa visceral en mujeres con un factor de riesgo cardiovascular

et al. 2017

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ResumenIntroducción: las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la primera causa de muerte en las mujeres tras la menopausia, ya que después de esta etapa se producen profundos cambios metabólicos y hormonales que favorecen el desarrollo de síndrome metabólico. Un aumento en el porcentaje de la grasa visceral puede estar relacionado con la aparición de dicho síndrome. Objetivo: establecer la relación entre la grasa visceral y los parámetros del síndrome metabólico y determinar el punto de corte óptimo para las variables relacionadas con la obesidad, en mujeres con un factor de riesgo cardiovascular. Método: estudio descriptivo transversal realizado en dos centros de salud urbanos de España. Fueron evaluadas 320 mujeres de edades comprendidas entre 45 y 60 años con hipertensión, diabetes mellitus y/o dislipemia. Se estudiaron edad, actividad estrogénica, grasa visceral y grasa corporal medida a través de un dispositivo de bioimpedancia, índice de masa corporal, perímetro abdominal, presión arterial sistólica y diastólica, triglicéridos, lipoproteínas de alta densidad, glucosa y presencia o no de síndrome metabólico. Resultados: las mujeres menopáusicas presentaban mayor cantidad de grasa visceral (p = 0,011). Se observó una correlación signifi cativa entre la grasa visceral y todos los parámetros defi nitorios del síndrome metabólico (p < 0,05). El punto de corte óptimo para las variables relacionadas con la obesidad fue: grasa visceral (8 kg), perímetro abdominal (93,5 cm), índice de masa corporal (26,9 kg/m 2 ) y grasa corporal total (24,3 kg). Conclusiones: mostraron mayor cantidad de grasa visceral las mujeres menopáusicas. Se observa una asociación entre la grasa visceral y los parámetros que defi nen el síndrome metabólico. Sería recomendable realizar un estudio más complejo que estudiase la utilidad de la grasa visceral como posible parámetro de cribado en el síndrome metabólico. Key words:Menopause. Metabolic syndrome. Intraabdominal fat. Women. AbstractIntroduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in women after menopause, since after this stage there are profound metabolic and hormonal changes which favor the development of metabolic syndrome. An increase in the percentage of visceral fat may be related to the onset of this syndrome. Objective: To establish the relationship between visceral fat and parameters of the metabolic syndrome and to determine the optimal cut-off point for the variables related to obesity in women with a cardiovascular risk factor. Method: Cross-sectional descriptive study carried out in two urban health centers in Spain. We evaluated 320 women aged 45 to 60 years with hypertension, diabetes mellitus and/or dyslipidemia. Age, estrogenic activity, visceral fat and body fat measured through a bioimpedance device, body mass index, abdominal perimeter, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein, glucose and the presence or absence of syndrome metabolic were considered. Results: There is a signifi cant correlation between visceral...

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Body mass index, abdominal fatness, fat mass and the risk of atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of prospective studies

et al. 2017

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Different adiposity measures have been associated with increased risk of atrial fibrillation, however, results have previously only been summarized for BMI. We therefore conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies to clarify the association between different adiposity measures and risk of atrial fibrillation. PubMed and Embase databases were searched up to October 24th 2016. Summary relative risks (RRs) were calculated using random effects models. Twenty-nine unique prospective studies (32 publications) were included. Twenty-five studies (83,006 cases, 2,405,381 participants) were included in the analysis of BMI and atrial fibrillation. The summary RR was 1.28 (95% confidence interval: 1.20–1.38, I2 = 97%) per 5 unit increment in BMI, 1.18 (95% CI: 1.12–1.25, I2 = 73%, n = 5) and 1.32 (95% CI: 1.16–1.51, I2 = 91%, n = 3) per 10 cm increase in waist and hip circumference, respectively, 1.09 (95% CI: 1.02–1.16, I2 = 44%, n = 4) per 0.1 unit increase in waist-to-hip ratio, 1.09 (95% CI: 1.02–1.16, I2 = 94%, n = 4) per 5 kg increase in fat mass, 1.10 (95% CI: 0.92–1.33, I2 = 90%, n = 3) per 10% increase in fat percentage, 1.10 (95% CI: 1.08–1.13, I2 = 74%, n = 10) per 5 kg increase in weight, and 1.08 (95% CI: 0.97–1.19, I2 = 86%, n = 2) per 5% increase in weight gain. The association between BMI and atrial fibrillation was nonlinear, p nonlinearity < 0.0001, with a stronger association at higher BMI levels, however, increased risk was observed even at a BMI of 22–24 compared to 20. In conclusion, general and abdominal adiposity and higher body fat mass increase the risk of atrial fibrillation.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10654-017-0232-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Epicardial Adipose Tissue Is Associated With Visceral Fat, Metabolic Syndrome, and Insulin Resistance in Menopausal Women

Cited by 34 publications

References 27 publications

Cardioprotective Heme Oxygenase‐1‐PGC1α Signaling in Epicardial Fat Attenuates Cardiovascular Risk in Humans as in Obese Mice

Cardioprotective Heme Oxygenase‐1‐PGC1α Signaling in Epicardial Fat Attenuates Cardiovascular Risk in Humans as in Obese Mice

Síndrome metabólico y grasa visceral en mujeres con un factor de riesgo cardiovascular

Body mass index, abdominal fatness, fat mass and the risk of atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of prospective studies

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