Ephemeral kettle hole water and sediment temporal and spatial dynamics within an agricultural catchment

Kayler, Zachary; Badrian, Maria; Frackowski, Adam; Rieckh, Helene; Nitzsche, Kai Nils; Kalettka, Thomas; Merz, Christoph; Geßler, Arthur

doi:10.1002/eco.1929

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, Hayashi et al () found that summer evapotranspirative losses in Canadian prairie wetlands approximated 25.00% based on pan experiments, with a significant (75.00%) loss through infiltration and lateral, shallow groundwater flow to the sides of kettle holes in close agreement to findings of this study and again supportive of substantial lateral groundwater flow‐through (Hayashi et al, ). The regional connection was already discussed by Kayler et al (). They measured the isotopic signature along the Quillow stream.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Characterizing hydrological processes within kettle holes using stable water isotopes in the Uckermark of northern Brandenburg, Germany

Vyse

Semiromi

Lischeid

et al. 2020

Hydrological Processes

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Understanding the hydrologic connectivity between kettle holes and shallow groundwater, particularly in reaction to the highly variable local meteorological conditions, is of paramount importance for tracing water in a hydro(geo)logically complex landscape and thus for integrated water resource management. This article is aimed at identifying the dominant hydrological processes affecting the kettle holes' water balance and their interactions with the shallow groundwater domain in the Uckermark region, located in the north-east of Germany. For this reason, based on the stable isotopes of oxygen (δ 18 O) and hydrogen (δ 2 H), an isotopic mass balance model was employed to compute the evaporative loss of water from the kettle holes from February to August 2017.Results demonstrated that shallow groundwater inflow may play the pivotal role in the processes taking part in the hydrology of the kettle holes in the Uckermark region.Based on the calculated evaporation/inflow (E/I) ratios, most of the kettle holes (86.7%) were ascertained to have a partially open, flow-through-dominated system. Moreover, we identified an inverse correlation between E/I ratios and the altitudes of the kettle holes. The same holds for electrical conductivity (EC) and the altitudes of the kettle holes. In accordance with the findings obtained from this study, a conceptual model explaining the interaction between the shallow groundwater and the kettle holes of Uckermark was developed. The model exhibited that across the highest altitudes, the recharge kettle holes are dominant, where a lower ratio of E/I and a lower EC was detected. By contrast, the lowest topographical depressions represent the discharge kettle holes, where a higher ratio of E/I and EC could be identified. The kettle holes existing in between were categorized as flow-through kettle holes through which the recharge takes place from one side and discharge from the other side. K E Y W O R D S evaporation, groundwater inflow, kettle hole, stable water isotope, surface-groundwater interactions

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Characterizing hydrological processes within kettle holes using stable water isotopes in the Uckermark of northern Brandenburg, Germany

Vyse

Semiromi

Lischeid

et al. 2020

Hydrological Processes

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“…Such metacommunities are subjected to local dynamics for example via food-web interactions and regional dynamics by a multitude of mechanisms such as mass and rescue effects, colonization and deterministic and stochastic extensions (Leibold et al 2004). The frequent occurrence of KH in the landscape suggests they serve as stepping stones between habitats located in different land use types within the landscape (Premke et al 2016, Kayler et al 2018. Accordingly, the biodiversity of small ponds such as KH is disproportionately high (Scheffer et al 2006) compared to the terrestrial surroundings, and is directly linked to the degree of connectivity to other ponds (Van Geest et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From microbes to mammals: pond biodiversity homogenization across different land-use types in an agricultural landscape

Ionescu

Bižić

Karnatak

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Local biodiversity patterns are expected to strongly reflect variation in topography, land use, dispersal boundaries, nutrient supplies, contaminant spread, management practices and other anthropogenic influences. In contrast, studies focusing on specific taxa revealed a biodiversity homogenization effect in areas subjected to long-term intensive industrial agriculture. We investigated whether land use affects biodiversity and metacommunity structure in 67 kettle holes (KH) representing small aquatic islands embedded in the patchwork matrix of a largely agricultural landscape comprising grassland, forest, and arable fields. These KH, similar to millions of standing water bodies of glacial origin, spread across northern Europe, Asia, and North America, are physico-chemically diverse, differ in the degree of coupling with their surroundings. We assessed biodiversity patterns of eukaryotes, Bacteria and Archaea in relation to environmental features of the KH, using deep-amplicon-sequencing of eDNA. First, we asked whether deep sequencing of eDNA provides a representative picture of KH biodiversity across the three domains of life. Second, we investigated if and to what extent KH biodiversity is influenced by the surrounding land-use. Our data shows that deep eDNA amplicon sequencing is useful for in-depth assessments of cross-domain biodiversity comprising both micro- and macro-organisms, but, has limitations with respect to single-taxa conservation studies. Using this broad method, we show that sediment eDNA, integrating several years to decades, depicts the history of agricultural land-use intensification. The latter, coupled with landscape wide nutrient enrichment (including by atmospheric deposition), groundwater connectivity between KH and organismal movement in the tight network of ponds, resulted in a biodiversity homogenization in the KH water, levelling off the differences in KH biodiversity between land-use types, detectable today.

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“…100 km North of Berlin (Germany, Brandenburg). This area comprises around 290 km 2 and contains a high density of small kettle holes (up to 2 per km 2 ) (Kalettka, Berger, Pfeffer, & Rudat, ) connected by a shallow groundwater system (Kayler et al, ) and constantly influenced by seasonally changing hydrological conditions (Brose, ; Kalettka & Rudat, ; Figure ). The water regime of the kettle holes from periodic to permanent in this region is influenced by a sub‐humid climate with precipitation of 450–600 mm/year and potential evapotranspiration of 600–650 mm/year (Kalettka & Rudat, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental filtering predicts plant‐community trait distribution and diversity: Kettle holes as models of meta‐community systems

Lozada‐Gobilard

Stang

Pirhofer‐Walzl

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

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Meta‐communities of habitat islands may be essential to maintain biodiversity in anthropogenic landscapes allowing rescue effects in local habitat patches. To understand the species‐assembly mechanisms and dynamics of such ecosystems, it is important to test how local plant‐community diversity and composition is affected by spatial isolation and hence by dispersal limitation and local environmental conditions acting as filters for local species sorting.We used a system of 46 small wetlands (kettle holes)—natural small‐scale freshwater habitats rarely considered in nature conservation policies—embedded in an intensively managed agricultural matrix in northern Germany. We compared two types of kettle holes with distinct topographies (flat‐sloped, ephemeral, frequently plowed kettle holes vs. steep‐sloped, more permanent ones) and determined 254 vascular plant species within these ecosystems, as well as plant functional traits and nearest neighbor distances to other kettle holes.Differences in alpha and beta diversity between steep permanent compared with ephemeral flat kettle holes were mainly explained by species sorting and niche processes and mass effect processes in ephemeral flat kettle holes. The plant‐community composition as well as the community trait distribution in terms of life span, breeding system, dispersal ability, and longevity of seed banks significantly differed between the two habitat types. Flat ephemeral kettle holes held a higher percentage of non‐perennial plants with a more persistent seed bank, less obligate outbreeders and more species with seed dispersal abilities via animal vectors compared with steep‐sloped, more permanent kettle holes that had a higher percentage of wind‐dispersed species. In the flat kettle holes, plant‐species richness was negatively correlated with the degree of isolation, whereas no such pattern was found for the permanent kettle holes.Synthesis: Environment acts as filter shaping plant diversity (alpha and beta) and plant‐community trait distribution between steep permanent compared with ephemeral flat kettle holes supporting species sorting and niche mechanisms as expected, but we identified a mass effect in ephemeral kettle holes only. Flat ephemeral kettle holes can be regarded as meta‐ecosystems that strongly depend on seed dispersal and recruitment from a seed bank, whereas neighboring permanent kettle holes have a more stable local species diversity.

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Ephemeral kettle hole water and sediment temporal and spatial dynamics within an agricultural catchment

Cited by 15 publications

References 38 publications

Characterizing hydrological processes within kettle holes using stable water isotopes in the Uckermark of northern Brandenburg, Germany

Characterizing hydrological processes within kettle holes using stable water isotopes in the Uckermark of northern Brandenburg, Germany

From microbes to mammals: pond biodiversity homogenization across different land-use types in an agricultural landscape

Environmental filtering predicts plant‐community trait distribution and diversity: Kettle holes as models of meta‐community systems

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