Eph and ephrin signaling: Lessons learned from spinal motor neurons

Kao, Tzu-Jen; Law, Chris; Kania, Artur

doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2011.10.016

Cited by 42 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…The establishment of this Lim HD code is essential for the peripheral connectivity of LMC axons. In the case of limb-innervating MNs, the effectors of these cell fate determinants have been well characterized, and include members of the Eph/ephrin signaling system, which are regulated by Lim HD proteins and determine the response of motor axons to ephrin signaling in the limb mesenchyme (Kao et al, 2012). …”

Section: Neuronal Class Specification Guidance Systems and Neuronalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Patterning Systems and Circuit Elements for Locomotion

Jung

Dasen

2015

Developmental Cell

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Summary Evolutionary modifications in nervous systems enabled organisms to adapt to their specific environments and underlie the remarkable diversity of behaviors expressed by animals. Resolving the pathways that shaped and modified neural circuits during evolution remains a significant challenge. Comparative studies have revealed a surprising conservation in the intrinsic signaling systems involved in early patterning of bilaterian nervous systems, but also raise the question of how neural circuit compositions and architectures evolved within specific animal lineages. In this Review we discuss the mechanisms that contributed to the emergence and diversity of animal nervous systems, focusing on the circuits governing vertebrate locomotion.

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Section: Neuronal Class Specification Guidance Systems and Neuronalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Patterning Systems and Circuit Elements for Locomotion

Jung

Dasen

2015

Developmental Cell

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“…One seminal observation has been that of the function of Eph receptors in the compartmentalisation of hindbrain, where molecularly distinct neurons in adjacent rhombomeres form a sharp boundary (Xu et al 1999 ). Unlike cadherins, there is ample evidence of the involvement of Eph receptors and their ligands in motor axon trajectory selection (Kao et al 2012 ). Thus, ephrin-Eph signaling is well positioned to infl uence both motor neuron soma position and axon trajectory, coordinating their myotopic organisation and raising the question whether Eph signalling is involved in spinal motor neuron migration.…”

Section: Eph Signalingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spinal Motor Neuron Migration and the Significance of Topographic Organization in the Nervous System

Kania

2013

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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The nervous system displays a high degree of topographic organisation such that neuronal soma position is closely correlated to axonal trajectory. One example of such order is the myotopic organisation of the motor system where spinal motor neuron position parallels that of target muscles. This chapter will discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying motor neuron soma positioning, which include transcriptional control of Reelin signaling and cadherin expression. As the same transcription factors have been shown to control motor axon innervation of target muscles, a simple mechanism of topographic organisation specification is becoming evident raising the question of how coordinating soma position with axon trajectory might be important for nervous system wiring and its function.

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“…Ephrin:Eph signaling plays a critical role in this selection: EphA-expressing lateral LMC axons select the dorsal limb nerve in response to ventral limb ephrin-As (Helmbacher et al, 2000;Eberhart et al, 2002;Kania and Jessell, 2003;Kao et al, 2012). Similarly, EphB signaling in response to dorsal limb ephrin-Bs guides medial LMC axons into the ventral limb nerve (Luria et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

α2-Chimaerin Is Required for Eph Receptor-Class-Specific Spinal Motor Axon Guidance and Coordinate Activation of Antagonistic Muscles

et al. 2015

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Axonal guidance involves extrinsic molecular cues that bind growth cone receptors and signal to the cytoskeleton through divergent pathways. Some signaling intermediates are deployed downstream of molecularly distinct axon guidance receptor families, but the scope of this overlap is unclear, as is the impact of embryonic axon guidance fidelity on adult nervous system function. Here, we demonstrate that the Rho-GTPase-activating protein ␣2-chimaerin is specifically required for EphA and not EphB receptor signaling in mouse and chick spinal motor axons. Reflecting this specificity, the loss of ␣2-chimaerin function disrupts the limb trajectory of extensor-muscleinnervating motor axons the guidance of which depends on EphA signaling. These embryonic defects affect coordinated contraction of antagonistic flexor-extensor muscles in the adult, indicating that accurate embryonic motor axon guidance is critical for optimal neuromuscular function. Together, our observations provide the first functional evidence of an Eph receptor-class-specific intracellular signaling protein that is required for appropriate neuromuscular connectivity.

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Eph and ephrin signaling: Lessons learned from spinal motor neurons

Cited by 42 publications

References 109 publications

Evolution of Patterning Systems and Circuit Elements for Locomotion

Evolution of Patterning Systems and Circuit Elements for Locomotion

Spinal Motor Neuron Migration and the Significance of Topographic Organization in the Nervous System

α2-Chimaerin Is Required for Eph Receptor-Class-Specific Spinal Motor Axon Guidance and Coordinate Activation of Antagonistic Muscles

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