EpCAM and its potential role in tumor-initiating cells

Imrich, Sannia; Hachmeister, Matthias; Gires, Olivier

doi:10.4161/cam.18953

Cited by 167 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 91 publications

(117 reference statements)

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“…EPCAM participates in epithelial tight junctions and can also be cleaved by proteases, including g-secretase, to release both an extracellular domain and an intracellular domain which translocates to the nucleus to play a role in transcription (Imrich et al 2012). While cell surface expression of EPCAM serves as a potential marker of CSC, its role in CSC may be mediated by the intracellular domain (Imrich et al 2012).…”

Section: Epithelial Cell Adhesion Moleculementioning

confidence: 99%

Epithelial ovarian cancer stem cells: underlying complexity of a simple paradigm

Garson¹,

Vanderhyden²

2015

Reproduction

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The lack of significant progress in the treatment of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) underscores the need to gain a better understanding of the processes that lead to chemoresistance and recurrence. The cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis offers an attractive explanation of how a subpopulation of cells within a patient's tumour might remain refractory to treatment and subsequently form the basis of recurrent chemoresistant disease. This review examines the literature defining somatic stem cells of the ovary and fallopian tube, two tissues that give rise to EOC. In addition, considerable research has been reviewed, that has identified subpopulations of EOC cells, based on marker expression (CD133, CD44, CD117, CD24, epithelial cell adhesion molecule, LY6A, ALDH1 and side population (SP)), which are enriched for tumour initiating cells (TICs). While many studies identified either CD133 or CD44 as markers useful for enriching for TICs, there is little consensus. This suggests that EOC cells may have a phenotypic plasticity that may preclude the identification of universal markers defining a CSC. The assay that forms the basis of quantifying TICs is the xenograft assay. Considerable controversy surrounds the xenograft assay and it is essential that some of the potential limitations be examined in this review. Highlighting such limitations or weaknesses is required to properly evaluate data and broaden our interpretation of potential mechanisms that might be contributing to the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer.

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Section: Epithelial Cell Adhesion Moleculementioning

confidence: 99%

Epithelial ovarian cancer stem cells: underlying complexity of a simple paradigm

Garson¹,

Vanderhyden²

2015

Reproduction

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“…The basic principle of this method is the use of paramagnetic beads that are bound to antibodies, most frequently EpCAM (Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule) and their ability to magnetic separation. EpCAMs were found to be expressed on the membrane of the majority of tumors of epithelial origin [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomagnetic detection of cancer cells in pleural effusion of generalized cancer

Kacprzak¹,

Kološtová²,

Kołodziej³

et al. 2013

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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Malignant pleural effusions (MPE) are a common clinical problem in patients with neoplastic disease. Pleural fluid cytology is the simplest definitive method for obtaining a diagnosis of MPE. We describe a method that may increase the cancer cell detection rate using immunomagnetic separation in MPE. In comparison to standard MPE cytodiagnostic methods, we report a more streamlined method of isolation living cells that are able to proliferate. These captured cells can then be used for additional downstream analysis e.g. chemosensitivity testing. Several case studies of MPE diagnostics using immunomagnetic separation are presented in the following report. The immunomagnetic separation of cancer cells from MPE could be used for more accurate staging of patients with routine effusions.

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“…However, the regulation of EpCAM during metastasis is postulated to be more complex: EpCAM-positive and also -negative circulating and disseminated tumor cells have been reported, although cell migration would rather implicate a low EpCAM expression. Conversely, the subsequent tissue invasion as well as the formation of micrometastases would require distinct EpCAM expression (47).…”

Section: Abcg2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Topotecan‐induced ABCG2 expression in MCF‐7 cells is associated with decreased CD24 and EpCAM expression and a loss of tumorigenicity

et al. 2015

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Human breast cancer shows a considerable heterogeneity regarding the expression of CD24, CD44, EpCAM, and HER2. These markers are involved in cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation, and thus affect metastasis and, in turn, patient's outcome. The ATP-driven efflux pump (ABC transporter) breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP, ABCG2) is known to confer resistance to a wide variety of structurally unrelated cytostatics and defines subpopulations with enhanced tumor-initiating capacity. The expression of ABCG2 can be induced by treatment with different cytostatic drugs. Concurrent effects of such treatments on the expression of the aforementioned marker proteins and cellular properties related to cancer-initiating cells have not been examined thoroughly. Here, we investigated the effect of the ABCG2 substrate topotecan on the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line and analyzed CD24, CD44, EpCAM, and HER2 expression by flow cytometry. Moreover, we examined the impact of topotecan treatment on the sphere-forming ability in vitro and the tumorigenicity in immunodeficient NMRInu/nu and NSG mice. We found an elevated ABCG2 expression in MCF-7 cells in the presence of 500 nM topotecan. Compared with untreated MCF-7 cells, the application of topotecan induced a subpopulation with decreased CD24/EpCAM expression, whereas CD44 expression remained largely unchanged. Topotecan-treated cells showed an impaired mammosphere formation capacity in vitro and reduced tumorigenicity in immunodeficient mice. The data indicate that ABCG2 induction is not necessarily linked to increased tumorigenicity and suggest a major role of CD24 and EpCAM for the preservation of self-renewal capacity in MCF-7 cells and tumor outgrowth in vivo. V C 2015 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry

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EpCAM and its potential role in tumor-initiating cells

Cited by 167 publications

References 91 publications

Epithelial ovarian cancer stem cells: underlying complexity of a simple paradigm

Epithelial ovarian cancer stem cells: underlying complexity of a simple paradigm

Immunomagnetic detection of cancer cells in pleural effusion of generalized cancer

Topotecan‐induced ABCG2 expression in MCF‐7 cells is associated with decreased CD24 and EpCAM expression and a loss of tumorigenicity

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