EPA HDEWG Program-Engine Tests Results

Matheaus, Andrew; Neely, Gary D.; Ryan, Thomas W.; Sobotowski, Rafal A.; Wall, John C.; Hobbs, Christine H.; Passavant, Glenn W.; Bond, T

doi:10.4271/2000-01-1858

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In both cases addition of EHN had no measurable (i.e. statistically significant) effect on NO x , confirming the cetane insensitivity of NO x emissions in engines meeting this NO x emission standard, as has been noted by others [7]. Additionally, the cetane improver had no impact on emissions of other pollutants either.…”

Section: Cummins Isbsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…This EHN treat rate typically produces an increase of ten cetane units. Engines meeting the 2.5 g/bhp-h NO x + HC standard such as those tested here have much more highly retarded injection timing and are therefore much less sensitive to the effect of cetane number [7], thus it was of interest to examine the effect of cetane improvers on NO x emissions for these engines.…”

Section: Effect Of Cetane Improvermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulated Emissions from Biodiesel Tested in Heavy-Duty Engines Meeting 2004 Emission Standards

McCormick¹,

Tennant²,

Hayes³

et al. 2005

SAE Technical Paper Series

130

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Biodiesel produced from soybean oil, canola oil, yellow grease, and beef tallow was tested in two heavy-duty engines. The biodiesels were tested neat and as 20% by volume blends with a 15 ppm sulfur petroleumderived diesel fuel. The test engines were the following: Reduction in PM emissions and increase in NO x emissions were observed for all biodiesels in all engines, confirming observations made in older engines. On average PM was reduced by 25% and NO x increased by 3% for the two engines tested for a variety of B20 blends. These changes are slightly larger in magnitude, but in the same range as observed in older engines. The cetane improver 2-ethyl hexyl nitrate was shown to have no measurable effect on NO x emissions from B20 in these engines, in contrast to observations reported for older engines. The effect of intake air humidity on NO x emissions from the Cummins ISB was quantified. The CFR NO x /humidity correction factor was shown to be valid for an engine equipped with EGR, operating at 1700 m above sea level, and operating on conventional or biodiesel.

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Section: Cummins Isbsupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Effect Of Cetane Improvermentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulated Emissions from Biodiesel Tested in Heavy-Duty Engines Meeting 2004 Emission Standards

McCormick¹,

Tennant²,

Hayes³

et al. 2005

SAE Technical Paper Series

130

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…33,39 Consistent fuel effects have not been found for the impact of cetane number on NO x emissions; however, the use of cetane number improvement additives has been shown to reduce NO x emissions. [29][30][31][32]34,39,40 The results of the engine dynamometer part of this study are in general agreement with the literature, although since the CARB diesel fuel has a combination of a lower density, aromatics content, and PAH content, and a higher cetane number compared to Federal diesel fuels, the individual effects of these different variables could not be distinguished.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Assessment of the emissions from the use of California Air Resources Board qualified diesel fuels in comparison with Federal diesel fuels

Hajbabaei

Johnson

Guthrie

et al. 2012

International Journal of Engine Research

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The California Air Resources Board (CARB) has regulated the properties of diesel fuel sold in California since 1988 to lower emissions of particulate matter (PM) and oxides of nitrogen (NO x ). Although many studies have shown that reduced levels of aromatics and higher cetane numbers can improve emissions, the actual impact of CARB fuels on inuse diesel emissions has not yet been extensively studied, especially as diesel engine and aftertreatment technology has evolved over the years. This study evaluates the differences between California and Federal diesel fuels with heavy-duty engine and chassis dynamometer tests. The engine dynamometer results showed that NO x emissions for the Federal fuels ranged from 4.7% to 9.5% higher than the CARB diesel. These NO x reductions are similar to the estimates being used in the latest regulations. The chassis dynamometer test results did not show as consistent trends for NO x as those seen for the engine dynamometer testing. For the chassis dynamometer testing, four out of ten vehicles showed consistent reductions in NO x , with emissions for the Federal fuels ranging from 3.3% to 9.9% higher than the CARB diesel, while the other six vehicles did not show consistent fuel impacts. On an absolute level, the NO x benefit for CARB diesel shows a decline with continuing advances in engine technology. The results showed that CARB diesel did not show strong benefits for PM. The results also showed that the introduction of aftertreatment systems for PM and NO x will, over time, largely eliminate any potential benefits that might be obtained through the use of CARB diesel, although NO x benefits will persist through to 2020.

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“…The effect appears to be depend on engine model year, with a less prominent effect on newer technology engines. 5,6,7 Highly paraffinic GTL fuels may have cold flow properties that are not acceptable for operation throughout the United States. The test fleet in this project operated exclusively in southern California (metro Los Angeles area), where the cold flow operability of GTL fuel was not an issue.…”

Section: Waxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel Property, Emission Test, and Operability Results from a Fleet of Class 6 Vehicles Operating on Gas-To-Liquid Fuel and Catalyzed Diesel Particle Filters

Alleman¹,

Eudy²,

Miyasato³

et al. 2004

SAE Technical Paper Series

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A fleet of six 2001 International Class 6 trucks operating in southern California was selected for an operability and emissions study using gas-to-liquid (GTL) fuel and catalyzed diesel particle filters (CDPF). Three vehicles were fueled with CARB specification diesel fuel and no emission control devices (current technology), and three vehicles were fueled with GTL fuel and retrofit with Johnson Matthey's CCRT™ diesel particulate filter. No engine modifications were made.Bench scale fuel-engine compatibility testing showed the GTL fuel had cold flow properties suitable for year-round use in southern California and was additized to meet current lubricity standards. Bench scale elastomer compatibility testing returned results similar to those of CARB specification diesel fuel. The GTL fuel met or exceeded ASTM D975 fuel properties.Researchers used a chassis dynamometer to test emissions over the City Suburban Heavy Vehicle Route (CSHVR) and New York City Bus (NYCB) cycles. The GTL-fueled vehicles were tested with and without the CDPFs to isolate fuel and aftertreatment effects.All emission changes are compared to the CARB specification diesel baseline. Over the CSHVR cycle, GTL fuel (no filter) reduced all regulated emissions, with oxides of nitrogen (NO x ) reductions of 8% and particulate matter (PM) reductions of 33%. Over the NYCB cycle, GTL fuel (no filter) reduced NO x and PM by 16% and 23%, respectively. Combining GTL and CDPF further reduced all regulated emissions, with NO x and PM reductions of 14% and 99%, respectively, on the CSHVR cycle. Vehicles tested over the NYCB cycle on GTL fuel and CDPF produced NO x and PM reductions of 20% and 97%, respectively.

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EPA HDEWG Program-Engine Tests Results

Cited by 19 publications

References 10 publications

Regulated Emissions from Biodiesel Tested in Heavy-Duty Engines Meeting 2004 Emission Standards

Regulated Emissions from Biodiesel Tested in Heavy-Duty Engines Meeting 2004 Emission Standards

Assessment of the emissions from the use of California Air Resources Board qualified diesel fuels in comparison with Federal diesel fuels

Fuel Property, Emission Test, and Operability Results from a Fleet of Class 6 Vehicles Operating on Gas-To-Liquid Fuel and Catalyzed Diesel Particle Filters

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