Eosinophils: The unsung heroes in cancer?

Varricchi, Gilda; Galdiero, Maria Rosaria; Loffredo, Stefania; Lucarini, Valeria; Marone, Giancarlo; Mattei, Fabrizio; Marone, Gianni; Schiavoni, Giovanna

doi:10.1080/2162402x.2017.1393134

Cited by 185 publications

(182 citation statements)

References 204 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

172

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Similar to our results, Zhang et al also found that naive B cells were associated with superior survival of LIHC patients. Eosinophils are components of the immune microenvironment that modulate tumor initiation and progression, playing an antitumorigenic role in gastric, colorectal, and many other cancers . The results showed the relapse risk of patients with high PIS was higher than that of patients with low PIS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune cell infiltration as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of digestive system cancer

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The digestive system cancers are aggressive cancers with the highest mortality worldwide. In this study, we undertook a systematic investigation of the tumor immune microenvironment to identify diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. The fraction of 22 immune cell types of patients were estimated using CIBERSORT. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis was carried out to identify important immune predictors. By comparing immune cell compositions in 801 tumor samples and 46 normal samples, we constructed the diagnostic immune score (DIS), showing high specificity and sensitivity in the training (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] = 0.929), validation (AUC = 0.935), and different cancer type cohorts (AUC > 0.70 for all).We also established the prognostic immune score (PIS), which was an effective prognostic factor for relapse-free survival in training, validation, and entire cohorts (P < .05). In addition, PIS provided a higher net benefit than TNM stage. A composite nomogram was built based on PIS and patients' clinical information with well-fitted calibration curves (c-index = 0.84). We further used other cohorts from Gene Expression Omnibus databases and obtained similar results, confirming the reliability and validity of the DIS and PIS. In addition, the unsupervised clustering analysis using immune cell proportions revealed 6 immune subtypes, suggesting that the immune types defined as having relatively high levels of M0 or/and M1 macrophages were the high-risk subtypes of relapse. In conclusion, this study comprehensively analyzed the tumor immune microenvironment and identified DIS and PIS for digestive system cancers. K E Y W O R D Sdiagnosis, digestive system cancer, immune cell, prognosis, TCGA

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune cell infiltration as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of digestive system cancer

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…By contrast, eosinophil infiltration is associated with poor prognosis in some, but not all, patients with Hodgkin lymphoma [62][63][64], multiple myeloma [65], or cervical cancer [66,67]. Associations between prolonged survival and low eosinophilic markers in microarray biopsy data for patients with lung cancer have indicated that eosinophils may also contribute to tumorigenesis in the lung [68]. Although eosinophil infiltration of tumors is common, the causes and consequences of eosinophil recruitment and accumulation for tumorigenesis are unclear.…”

Section: Eosinophils In Malignanciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety of Eosinophil-Depleting Therapy for Severe, Eosinophilic Asthma: Focus on Benralizumab

Jackson

Korn²,

Mathur

et al. 2020

Drug Saf

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Eosinophils play a pivotal role in the inflammatory pathology of asthma and have been the target of new biologic treatments for patients with eosinophilic asthma. Given the central role of interleukin (IL)-5 in the eosinophil lifecycle, several therapies directed against the IL-5 pathway have been developed, including the anti-IL-5 antibodies mepolizumab and reslizumab and the IL-5 receptor α (IL-5Rα)-directed cytolytic antibody benralizumab. Eosinophil-depleting therapies represent a relatively new class of asthma treatment, and it is important to understand their long-term efficacy and safety. Eosinophils have been associated with host protection and tumor growth, raising potential concerns about the consequences of long-term therapies that deplete eosinophils. However, evidence for these associations in humans is conflicting and largely indirect or based on mouse models. Substantial prospective clinical trial and postmarketing data have accrued, providing insight into the potential risks associated with eosinophil depletion. In this review, we explore the current safety profile of eosinophil-reducing therapies, with particular attention to the potential risks of malignancies and severe infections and a focus on benralizumab. Benralizumab is an IL-5Rα-directed cytolytic monoclonal antibody that targets and efficiently depletes blood and tissue eosinophils through antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Benralizumab is intended to treat patients with severe, uncontrolled asthma with eosinophilic inflammation.

show abstract

“…Liver cancer was the fourth cause of death for malignancy after gastric cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma and colorectal cancer, with a standardized mortality ratio of 2.9 (95% CI 0.1-5.9) compared to AIRTUM data. Although liver cancer is not prevalent in CVID, liver, as a secondary lymphoid organ, is a frequent extra-nodal localization of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, as well as a common metastatic target of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas (80)(81)(82)(83)(84)(85). Therefore, diagnostic protocols aiming to oncologic surveillance in CVID patients should always encompass clinical, laboratory and imaging assessment of liver to rule out its primary or secondary neoplastic involvement.…”

Section: Malignanciesmentioning

confidence: 99%