Eosinophils and Eosinophilia

Kovalszki, Anna; Weller, Peter F.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-6896-6.00024-7

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The toxic cationic EPO forms hypohalous, hypobromous and hypochlourous acid by using hydrogen peroxide, halide ions and bromide via the formation of these acids, EPO can cause cellular damage ( 121 , 122 ).…”

Section: Role Of Eosinophils In Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of Eosinophils in Intestinal Inflammation and Fibrosis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Overlooked Villain?

et al. 2021

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Eosinophils are leukocytes which reside in the gastrointestinal tract under homeostatic conditions, except for the esophagus which is normally devoid of eosinophils. Research on eosinophils has primarily focused on anti-helminth responses and type 2 immune disorders. In contrast, the search for a role of eosinophils in chronic intestinal inflammation and fibrosis has been limited. With a shift in research focus from adaptive to innate immunity and the fact that the eosinophilic granules are filled with inflammatory mediators, eosinophils are becoming a point of interest in inflammatory bowel diseases. In the current review we summarize eosinophil characteristics and recruitment as well as the current knowledge on presence, inflammatory and pro-fibrotic functions of eosinophils in inflammatory bowel disease and other chronic inflammatory conditions, and we identify research gaps which should be covered in the future.

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Section: Role Of Eosinophils In Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike the name would suggest, EDN is not neurotoxic for humans. The protein received its name because intracerebral EDN injection showed neuropathological responses in a murine model ( 122 ).…”

Section: Role Of Eosinophils In Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Eosinophils in Intestinal Inflammation and Fibrosis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Overlooked Villain?

et al. 2021

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“…Indeed, they seem to be implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation, in particular in the development of tissue hyperplasia and fibrosis (Higuchi et al., 2008); these findings are commonly encountered in infiltrated organs of EMEED affected horses, as in the case of the liver and the pancreas of Case 1. Therefore, it has been hypothesised that the clinical and physiological alterations regarding these organs could be a consequence of hyperplasia, fibrosis and release of granules content, rather than of the eosinophilic infiltration itself (Kovalszki et al., 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine multisystemic eosinophilic epitheliotropic disease in two horses in Italy

Stucchi

Feudo

Valli

et al. 2021

Equine Veterinary Education

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Summary Equine multisystemic eosinophilic epitheliotropic disease (EMEED) is a rare condition characterised by eosinophilic infiltration of multiple organs. The aim of the present work was to describe two clinical cases that occurred in Italy, where no previous EMEED cases have been reported. A 2‐year‐old Standardbred colt was referred for poor body condition, multiple oral ulcerations, ventral and limb oedema, nasal discharge and coughing. Relative eosinophilia, increased ALP, GGT, LDH and hypoalbuminaemia were detected. Abdominal ultrasonography showed hepatomegaly and hepatic biopsy revealed eosinophilic hepatitis. After euthanasia, post‐mortem examination revealed eosinophilic infiltration and fibrosis of intestinal wall, liver, pancreas and mesenteric lymph nodes. The second case was a 13‐year‐old pony hospitalised for acute respiratory distress, poor body condition, nasal discharge, cough and dyspnoea. Leucocytosis with relative eosinophilia was detected. Thoracic ultrasonography showed disseminated comet tail artefacts. Endoscopy of the airways revealed disseminated white nodules in the nasal cavities and nasopharynx; biopsy showed eosinophilic infiltrates. After euthanasia, post‐mortem examination revealed eosinophilic infiltration of intestinal wall, liver, mediastinal lymph nodes, lungs and kidneys. Both patients presented with poor body condition, which is the most common sign of EMEED. They also showed nasal discharge, and the second case showed respiratory distress and disseminated white nodules, which have not been reported previously. In both cases, liver involvement was observed. Post‐mortem examination provided the most specific findings, such as lymphadenomegaly and eosinophilic infiltration of multiple organs. Although weight loss remains the main sign of EMEED, liver and airway evaluation was extremely useful for the diagnosis in these cases.

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“…Moreover, it has been proposed that RNA virus infection before the age of five is strongly associated with future development and sensitivity to atopic diseases and the development of eosinophilia. 11 12 13 The present study aims to determine the effects of RVG on B12, ferritin, and 25-OH-D3 levels, as well as the immunoglobulin E (IgE) level, peripheral eosinophilia count as a marker of atopy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Rotavirus Infection on Serum Micronutrients and Atopy in Children

Başaran

Dogan

Sursal

et al. 2022

J Pediatr Infect Dis

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Objective Rotavirus is a highly infectious and prevalent ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus that causes fatal gastroenteritis in children. Despite vitamin D deficiency is associated with susceptibility to infections, the relationship between ferritin and vitamin B12 levels is not known. This study aimed to investigate and compare the effect of rotavirus on micronutrient levels, atopy, and the frequency of allergic diseases in children with rotavirus. Methods There were rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVG) (N = 92) and non-rotavirus (control) groups (N = 95). Serum micronutrient levels (B12, ferritin, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25-OH-D3]) were checked during the first control after gastroenteritis healed. Patients were also examined for allergic diseases on an average of 17 (14–32) months following rotavirus infection. Serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), eosinophil count, and percentage were analyzed. Skin tests and respiratory function tests were also performed on patients with allergic disease and asthma symptoms. Results Mean ferritin, B12, and 25-OH-D3 levels were lower in the RVG group compared with the control group. Allergic diseases in the RVG group were more frequent than in the control group. The prevalence of the allergic disease in the RVG group was 16.3%, as opposed to 5.2% in the control group (p = 0.014). The IgE level was significantly higher in the RVG group. Conclusion Children with rotavirus infection should be followed closely in terms of allergic diseases and micronutrient deficiency. Furthermore, rotavirus infection should be prevented in the society and early treatment should be made available via tests detecting micronutrient deficiency.

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Eosinophils and Eosinophilia

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

Role of Eosinophils in Intestinal Inflammation and Fibrosis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Overlooked Villain?

Role of Eosinophils in Intestinal Inflammation and Fibrosis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Overlooked Villain?

Equine multisystemic eosinophilic epitheliotropic disease in two horses in Italy

Effect of Rotavirus Infection on Serum Micronutrients and Atopy in Children

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