Eosinophilic inflammation in lymph nodes of dogs with visceral leishmaniasis

Costa, Sidnei Ferro; Trivellato, Gabriel Franco; Rebech, Gabriela Torres; Maciel, Marilene Oliveira dos Santos; Melo, Larissa Martins; Luvizotto, Maria Cecília Rui; Lima, Valéria Marçal Felix de

doi:10.1111/pim.12567

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In agreement with this, the eosinophil percentage was high in the lymph nodes of L. infantum -infected dogs and the parasite load was negatively correlated with the eosinophil counts. Additionally, these dogs showed a high production of NO and ROS by eosinophils, suggesting that eosinophils may participate in antileishmanial immunity ( 54 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CD4+ Th1 and Th17 responses and multifunctional CD8 T lymphocytes associated with cure or disease worsening in human visceral leishmaniasis

de Franca,

Rodrigues,

Barreto

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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IntroductionIn VL, a proinflammatory phenotype is typically associated with enhanced phagocytosis and a Th1 mediated immune response resulting in infection control. In contrast, an anti-inflammatory phenotype, associated with a predominant regulatory response, typically enables intracellular multiplication of Leishmania parasites and disease progression.MethodsTo investigate the impact of chemotherapy on Th2 and Th17 immune responses in patients with visceral leishmaniasis (VL), we assessed all combinations of intracellular expression of IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-4 and IL-17 in the CD4+ and CD8+ T cell populations of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples from patients, after antigenic stimulation with Leishmania lysate, throughout treatment and follow-up. As increases in spleen and liver sizes and decreases in hematocrit, hemogloblin, erythrocytes, monocytes, leukocytes and platelets levels are strongly related to the disease, we studied the correlations between the frequencies of T cells producing the afore mentioned cytokines, individually and in combination, and these variables, as markers of disease or cure.ResultsWe found that the frequency of IFN-γ-producingCD4+ T cells increased until the end of chemotherapy with Glucantime® or AmBisome ®, while IL-10, IL-4 and IL-17-producing CD4+ T cells peaked on day 7 following the start of treatment. Although the frequency of CD4+IL-17+ cells decreased during treatment an increase was observed after clinical cure. The frequency of CD4+ T cells producing only IFN-γ or IL-17 correlated with blood monocytes levels. Frequencies of double-producers of IFN-γ and IL-10 or IL-4 correlated positively with eosinophils and platelets levels. Together, this suggest that IFN-γ drives the immune response towards Th1 at cure. In contrast, and associated with disease or Th2 response, the frequency of CD4+ IL-10+ cells correlated positively with spleen sizes and negatively with circulating monocyte levels, while the frequency of CD4+ producing both IL-4 and IL-10 correlated negatively with platelets levels. The frequency of CD8+ single-producers of IFN-γ increased from day 21 to 90 while that of single-producers of IL-10 peaked on day 7, of IL-4 on day 30 and of IL-17, on day 180. IFN-γ expression in CD8+ single- and double-producers of cytokines was indicative of an immune response associated with cure. In contrast, frequencies of CD8+ double-producers of IL-4 and IL-10, IL-4 and IL-17 and IL-10 and IL-17 and producers of three and four cytokines, were associated with disease and were low after the cure. Frequencies of CD8+ T cells producing IFN-γ alone or with IL-17 were positively correlated with platelets levels. In contrast, as markers of disease: 1) frequencies of single producers of IL-10 correlated negatively with leukocytes levels, 2) frequencies of double producers of IL-4 and IL-10 correlated negatively with platelet, leukocyte, lymphocyte and circulating monocyte levels, 3) frequencies of triple-producers of IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 correlated negatively with platelet, leukocyte and neutrophil levels and 4) frequencies of producers of IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10 and IL-17 simultaneously correlated positively with spleen size, and negatively with leukocyte and neutrophil levels.DiscussionOur results confirmed that the clinical improvement of VL patients correlates with the decrease of an IL-4 and IL-10 CD4+Th2 response, the recovery of CD4+ Th1 and Th17 responses and the frequency of CD8+ single-producers of IFN-γ and double producers of IFN-γ and IL-17.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CD4+ Th1 and Th17 responses and multifunctional CD8 T lymphocytes associated with cure or disease worsening in human visceral leishmaniasis

de Franca,

Rodrigues,

Barreto

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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“…DNA in peripheral blood samples and conjunctival swabs was used as the gold standard. Real‐time PCR was performed as described by Costa et al using a Mastercycler ep Gradient S No. 5345 (Eppendorf North America).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmonic rK28 ELISA improves the diagnosis of canineLeishmaniainfection

Maciel

Soares

Costa

et al. 2019

Parasite Immunology

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In this study, we evaluated the performance of a new enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) variant known as indirect “plasmonic ELISA” (pELISA) for the detection of Leishmania spp. infection. Serum samples from 170 dogs from an area where canine leishmaniosis (CanL) is endemic and from 26 healthy dogs from a nonendemic area were tested by indirect pELISA, and the results were compared to those of an indirect ELISA (both with recombinant antigen rK28) and those of an immunochromatographic test (dual‐path platform, TR‐DPP®) using real‐time PCR on blood samples or conjunctival swabs as the gold standard. The pELISA, indirect rK28 ELISA and the TR‐DPP® immunochromatographic test presented sensitivities of 94.7%, 89.5% and 79.0% and specificities of 100%, 92.7% and 91.5%, respectively. The analysis of the results revealed that the specificity of the indirect pELISA was greater than that of the method recommended by the Ministry of Health in Brazil and may increase the feasibility of diagnosis in resource‐constrained countries because it does not require sophisticated instruments to read. Thus, this method can be used as an additional tool for the detection of Leishmania spp. infection in these areas.

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“…Increased lymphangiogenesis in fibroinflammatory areas of Riedel thyroiditis also contained eosinophils in addition to lymphocytes, and IgG4+ plasma cells [ 96 ]. Eosinophils also regulate the resolution of inflammation and draining lymph node hypertrophy [ 97 ], participate in lymph node trafficking and antigen presentation [ 98 ], and contribute to inflammation in lymph nodes [ 99 ]. Regardless, no study has currently implicated eosinophils in the production of lymphangiogenic factors, hence more studies are needed to further address this observation.…”

Section: Cellular Mediators Of Lymphangiogenesis In Ibdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular and molecular mediators of lymphangiogenesis in inflammatory bowel disease

Ocansey

Pei

et al. 2021

J Transl Med

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Background Recent studies reporting the intricate crosstalk between cellular and molecular mediators and the lymphatic endothelium in the development of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) suggest altered inflammatory cell drainage and lymphatic vasculature, implicating the lymphatic system as a player in the occurrence, development, and recurrence of intestinal diseases. This article aims to review recent data on the modulatory functions of cellular and molecular components of the IBD microenvironment on the lymphatic system, particularly lymphangiogenesis. It serves as a promising therapeutic target for IBD management and treatment. The interaction with gut microbiota is also explored. Main text Evidence shows that cells of the innate and adaptive immune system and certain non-immune cells participate in the complex processes of inflammatory-induced lymphangiogenesis through the secretion of a wide spectrum of molecular factors, which vary greatly among the various cells. Lymphangiogenesis enhances lymphatic fluid drainage, hence reduced infiltration of immunomodulatory cells and associated-inflammatory cytokines. Interestingly, some of the cellular mediators, including mast cells, neutrophils, basophils, monocytes, and lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs), are a source of lymphangiogenic molecules, and a target as they express specific receptors for lymphangiogenic factors. Conclusion The effective target of lymphangiogenesis is expected to provide novel therapeutic interventions for intestinal inflammatory conditions, including IBD, through both immune and non-immune cells and based on cellular and molecular mechanisms of lymphangiogenesis that facilitate inflammation resolution.

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Eosinophilic inflammation in lymph nodes of dogs with visceral leishmaniasis

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

CD4+ Th1 and Th17 responses and multifunctional CD8 T lymphocytes associated with cure or disease worsening in human visceral leishmaniasis

CD4+ Th1 and Th17 responses and multifunctional CD8 T lymphocytes associated with cure or disease worsening in human visceral leishmaniasis

Plasmonic rK28 ELISA improves the diagnosis of canineLeishmaniainfection

Cellular and molecular mediators of lymphangiogenesis in inflammatory bowel disease

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