Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disorders in Infants: A Japanese Case Series

Yamada, Yoshiyuki; Nishi, Akira; Ebara, Yoshifumi; Katô, Masahiko; Yamamoto, Hideki; Morita, Hideaki; Nomura, Ichiro; Matsumoto, Kenji; Hirato, Junko; Hatakeyama, Shinitsu; Suzuki, Norio; Hayashi, Yasuhide

doi:10.1159/000327264

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Many patients with EGE have been reported in Asian countries, with increasing numbers with EoE reported in Western countries [2,17,18]. We have previously reported that, in the routine endoscopic study, a EoE patient was found in approximately 0.02% of the endoscopy investigated Japanese cases [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated Plasma Cytokines in Japanese Patients with Eosinophilic Esophagitis and Gastroenteritis

et al. 2012

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Background/Aim: The role of Th2-type cytokines in development of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) has been largely revealed, whereas research on the pathogenesis of eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EGE) has not been widely performed. We investigated the possible involvement of Th2-type cytokines in EGE by measuring plasma cytokine concentrations in patients with EGE as well as those with EoE. Methods: 18 patients with EoE, 18 with EGE, and 30 normal volunteers were enrolled in the study. Plasma concentrations of five cytokines (thymic stromal lymphopoietin, IL-5, IL-13, IL-15, and eotaxin-3) were measured using Milliplex® assays. Clinical characteristics of the patients and plasma cytokine levels were then compared. Results: Higher proportions of patients with EoE and those with EGE showed elevated plasma concentrations of IL-5 and IL-15 as compared to the normal controls. There was also a positive correlation between IL-5 and IL-15, and also with blood eosinophil count. The plasma concentrations of these cytokines tended to be higher in cases with EGE than in those with EoE, though there were overlaps in cytokine levels among the patients and controls. Conclusion: Similar increases in plasma IL-5 and IL-15 were observed in patients with EoE and those with EGE.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated Plasma Cytokines in Japanese Patients with Eosinophilic Esophagitis and Gastroenteritis

et al. 2012

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“…Interesting findings have been shown in patients with infantile food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis, which is basically synonymous with infantile eosinophilic colitis. The patients with food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis showed not only severe eosinophilic infiltration with degranulation, but also CLCs [ 104 ]. CLCs are generated when eosinophils fall into EETosis, which causes dysregulation of galectin-10, and this is associated with the severity of inflammation.…”

Section: Lessons From Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Galectin-10 as a Potential Biomarker for Eosinophilic Diseases

et al. 2022

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Galectin-10 is a member of the lectin family and one of the most abundant cytoplasmic proteins in human eosinophils. Except for some myeloid leukemia cells, basophils, and minor T cell populations, galectin-10 is exclusively present in eosinophils in the human body. Galectin-10 forms Charcot–Leyden crystals, which are observed in various eosinophilic diseases. Accumulating studies have indicated that galectin-10 acts as a new biomarker for disease activity, diagnosis, and treatment effectiveness in asthma, eosinophilic esophagitis, rhinitis, sinusitis, atopic dermatitis, and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. The extracellular release of galectin-10 is not mediated through conventional secretory processes (piecemeal degranulation or exocytosis), but rather by extracellular trap cell death (ETosis), which is an active cell death program. Eosinophils undergoing ETosis rapidly disintegrate their plasma membranes to release the majority of galectin-10. Therefore, elevated galectin-10 levels in serum and tissue suggest a high degree of eosinophil ETosis. To date, several studies have shown that galectin-10/Charcot–Leyden crystals are more than just markers for eosinophilic inflammation, but play functional roles in immunity. In this review, we focus on the close relationship between eosinophils and galectin-10, highlighting this protein as a potential new biomarker in eosinophilic diseases.

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“…The development of food allergy in this group is largely related to the immaturity and permeability of the intestinal barrier [29]. Although the methods of food allergy diagnostics are constantly improving, the final diagnosis requires a test of elimination and provocation with the allergen with the subsequent clinical evaluation of the patient [30].…”

Section: Fibrosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypereosinophilia in an infant – case report. The role of eosinophils in selected diseases

Góra¹,

Jaszczura²,

Morawiecka-Pietrzak³

et al. 2019

polp

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Eosinophilia is a condition in which the number of eosinophils in the peripheral blood or tissues increases above the normal level. Threshold values for eosinophilia change with age, remaining the highest in infants and young children. Hypereosinophilia is rare and requires detailed diagnosis. The causes of eosinophilia vary. The literature distinguishes its primary form-associated with bone marrow proliferative diseases, and the condition secondary to many diseases, most commonly parasitic infections and allergic reactions. The secondary form of eosinophilia is most frequent in children. Chronic activation of eosinophils can lead to fibrosis and thrombotic changes in tissues affected by infiltration. In the paediatric population, contrary to adults, these pathological processes are more common in the gastrointestinal tract. Hypereosinophilia is rare in infants, which favours diagnostic and therapeutic concerns. In this paper, we present a case of a 10-month-old infant with hypereosinophilia coexisting with lambliosis and food intolerance.

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Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disorders in Infants: A Japanese Case Series

Cited by 13 publications

References 35 publications

Elevated Plasma Cytokines in Japanese Patients with Eosinophilic Esophagitis and Gastroenteritis

Elevated Plasma Cytokines in Japanese Patients with Eosinophilic Esophagitis and Gastroenteritis

Galectin-10 as a Potential Biomarker for Eosinophilic Diseases

Hypereosinophilia in an infant – case report. The role of eosinophils in selected diseases

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