Eocene Varna Reefs in NE Bulgaria

Nachev, I. K.; Sinnyovsky, Dimitar

doi:10.1007/s12371-014-0120-1

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Because of their attractiveness, a significant proportion of the geoheritage inventories have been carried out in karst or pseudokarst regions, where we find repeated references to the magnitude of the geosites (e.g. Vdovets et al, 2010; Pellitero et al, 2011; Martin-Duque et al, 2012; Nachev and Sinnyovsky, 2014; Ferreira et al, 2019; Chen et al, 2022; Duszyński and Migoń, 2022). These works supposedly selected the geosites by conventional criteria, but describe spectacular examples (italic letters are literal words) of tuffaceous morphologies, gorges, cavities and tectonic structures (Ebro and Rudrón Gorges Natural Park, Spain); large caves, including the cave with the tallest entrance in the world (∼215 m) (Alto Ribeira Tourist State Park, Brazil); landscapes of well-developed Cretaceous red beds, dissected by prominent erosional landforms (Danxiashan Global Geopark, China); clusters of 17 folds, tens of meters high and the largest cave in the Republic of Tatarstan (Russia); outstanding examples of karst landscapes in Covalagua and Las Tuerces (Spain), including one of the highest concentration of sinkholes in Spain (387 in ∼10 km 2 ) and an extensive karst labyrinth or bogaz of more than 50 ha; an emblematic and unique geological phenomenon in Bulgaria, consisting of a group of majestic limestone columns of algal biohermal reefs, some up to 10 m in height and 8 m in diameter; or spectacular landforms on sandstones in Sudetes (Poland), with extensive erosional landscapes, impressive landslides (the largest landslide complex in the region), long erosional corridors (>20 km) and abundant and prominent sandstone tors (in such a number and unusual size ), notches, cavities, cliffs or block fields .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

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The magnitude rule in geoheritage site inventories

Ferrer,

Vegas,

Díez-Herrero

2023

Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment

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Since the 1990s, an international consensus has been emerging with respect to the methods used to identify and assess geosites. These conventional methodologies generally differentiate between the intrinsic or scientific-natural dimension and the social dimension in the potential value of the geological elements. The aim of this article is to analyse the possible existence of other concepts that may underlie these criteria and that could be operating as evaluation parameters even though they are not explicitly and formally described as such in the published studies. An exhaustive analysis of articles on geosite inventories published in Science Citation Index journals in the last 15 years revealed a systematic reference to conceptions of magnitude (in the sense of degree of development and physical prominence) in geosite descriptions around the world, and in particular with respect to sites of geomorphological interest. To contrast this indication, we subjected the geosites inventory of Lanzarote (Canary Islands, Spain) to a Magnitude Rule hypothesis. This inventory is part of the Spanish Geosites Inventory (IELIG, for its initials in Spanish), which was carried out using conventional assessment procedures. Applying this rule, according to which each geosite is the most prominent example of its typology within the reference geological domain, we obtained an almost complete match. That is, geomorphological sites that were selected, a priori, according to intrinsic and social dimension were also (or one could even say ‘actually’) selected, implicitly, on the predominant basis of magnitude. This paper discusses why and how the magnitude parameter may be playing a key role as a subliminal non-explicit driver in the evaluation of geosite relevance, and how this finding may open new perspectives and bring methodological advantages in the inventory of geological heritage.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Along with this, the attributes of symbol, icon, image or emblem of geological formations emerge (e.g. Nachev and Sinnyovsky, 2014; Pérez-Umaña et al, 2019). To understand the relationship between representativeness and magnitude, we must adopt the following premise: geological objects cannot, in themselves, represent anything.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The magnitude rule in geoheritage site inventories

Ferrer,

Vegas,

Díez-Herrero

2023

Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment

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“…Det handlar inte enbart om att ge skydd, utan också om att ge förutsättningar för en fördelaktig utveckling. "Värna om" betyder i sin tur att ta ansvar (NE, värna [2015]). Begreppet vidmakthålla definieras som bevarande av någonting abstrakt.…”

Section: Teoretiska Ingångarunclassified

Att upprätthålla traditionell kunskap

Björkholm¹

2023

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Unescos konvention för tryggande av det immateriella kulturarvet från 2003 undertecknades av Finland 2013. Den medför att uppmärksamhet riktas mot upprätthållande av traditionell kunskap och de delar av den immateriella kulturen som vi särskilt värdesätter. Konventionen, som jag i den här artikeln kommer att referera till som ”konventionen från 2003”, definierar vad som ska uppfattas som immateriellt kulturarv nämligen ”sedvänjor, framställningar, uttryck, kunskap, färdigheter – liksom tillhörande tillvägagångssätt, ändamål, artefakter och kulturella miljöer” och de delas in i fem domäner: muntliga traditioner, scenkonst (eng. performing arts), sociala seder, riter och högtider, kunskap och sedvänjor om naturen och världsalltet samt hantverksfärdigheter. Även tryggande definieras: ”åtgärder som syftar till att säkerställa det immateriella kulturarvets fortbestånd, däribland identifiering, dokumentering, forskning, bevarande, skydd, främjande, förbättring, överföring, särskilt genom formell och icke-formell utbildning, samt förnyelse av de olika aspekterna av detta arv”. Avsikten är att traditionell kunskap ska upprätthållas i form av utövande och överföring.Konventionens text implicerar att immateriellt kulturarv per automatik är hotat och att insatser för tryggande behövs. I konventionen från 2003 sägs däremot ingenting om konkreta arbetsmetoder – det vill säga hur man i praktiken kan gå till väga då man vill trygga traditionell kunskap. Det här är också ett område som det är svårt att hitta tidigare forskning om. Jag anser att det är viktigt att försöka fylla den här luckan, i och med att arbetet för att implementera konventionen för tryggande av immateriellt kulturarv nu går vidare i rask takt i de nordiska länderna.

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“…It also predates recognition that many of these structures originated as metazoan burrows that functioned as conduits for migration of hydrocarbons in the shallow subsurface plumbing of ancient cold seeps. Origin of the gigantic Eocene limestone columns of the "stone forest" or "upright stones" of Varna on the Bulgarian Black Sea coast has been debated for 200 years (Nachev and Sinnyovsky 2014), with interpretations ranging from ancient temples, sacred sites, petrified forests, coral reefs, or abiotic pathways of fluid migration to more recent detailed evidence of formation by microbially mediated anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) (De Boever et al 2008, Capozzi et al 2015. Some of the classic localities are tourist attractions and have been preserved as national monuments for public education in the Earth and life sciences.…”

Section: Mollusk-associated Sedimentary Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%