Eocene Loranthaceae pollen pushes back divergence ages for major splits in the family

Grímsson, Friðgeir; Kapli, Paschalia; Hofmann, Christa-Charlotte; Zetter, Reinhard; Grimm, Guido W.

doi:10.7717/peerj.3373

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 88 publications

(194 reference statements)

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“…Likely, Arceuthobium dispersed southwards into Africa already during the Eocene, similar migration routes have recently been proposed for other plant groups, e.g. the Loranthaceae (from Asia; Grímsson et al 2017aGrímsson et al , 2018b and the Picrodendraceae (from Europe; Grímsson et al 2019). The restricted present-day distribution of Arceuthobium in Africa is most likely the result of post-Miocene climate and vegetation changes.…”

supporting

confidence: 68%

Combined LM and SEM study of the middle Miocene (Sarmatian) palynoflora from the Lavanttal Basin, Austria: Part V. Magnoliophyta 3 – Myrtales to Ericales

Grímsson

Bouchal

Xafis

et al. 2020

Grana

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The continued investigation of the middle Miocene palynoflora from the Lavanttal Basin reveals numerous additional angiosperm taxa. The Myrtales to Ericales pollen record documented here comprises 46 different taxa belonging to (Rehderodendron) and Symplocaceae (Symplocos). Köppen signatures of potential modern analogues of the additional fossil woody elements confirm the hypothesis of a subtropical (Cfa, Cwa) climate at lower elevations and subsequent transition into a temperate climate with altitudinal succession (Cfa → Cfb/Dfa → Dfb; Cwa → Cwb → Dwbclimate). The fossil plants represent different vegetation units, from wetland lowlands to well-drained montane forests. Many of the fossil taxa have potential modern analogues that can be classified as nemoral and/or meridio-nemoral and/or semihumid-meridional vegetation elements. New is the recognition of oreotropical elements, which are direct indicators for a substantial altitudinal gradient.

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supporting

confidence: 68%

Combined LM and SEM study of the middle Miocene (Sarmatian) palynoflora from the Lavanttal Basin, Austria: Part V. Magnoliophyta 3 – Myrtales to Ericales

Grímsson

Bouchal

Xafis

et al. 2020

Grana

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“…For example, with 81–68 mya, the origin of Viscaceae was inferred as much younger by Vidal-Russell and Nickrent (2008), who included only two species of Viscum and one of Arceuthobium . In contrast, our estimation of the crown group age of Loranthaceae (68.24–42.31 my) are close to or even congruent with earlier studies (e.g., Grímsson et al 2017; Liu et al 2018). The focus and, thus, sampling strategies and tree topologies differ largely between earlier works and ours, and so did the preferred molecular dating approaches regarding the employed methods, software programs, models, type and number of genetic markers, fossil information, calibration and constraint strategies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Morphology, geographic distribution, and host preferences are poor predictors of phylogenetic relatedness in the mistletoe genus Viscum L

Maul

Krug

Nickrent³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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250 words max.) 1 Besides their alleged therapeutic effects, mistletoes of the genus Viscum L. 2 (Viscaceae) are keystone species in many ecosystems across Europe, Africa, Asia and 3 Australia because of their complex faunal interactions. We here reconstructed the 4 evolutionary history of Viscum based on plastid and nuclear DNA sequence data. We obtained 5 a highly resolved phylogenetic tree with ten well-supported clades, which we used to 6 understand the spatio-temporal evolution of these aerial parasites and evaluate the 7 contribution of reproductive switches and shifts in host ranges to their distribution and 8 diversification. The genus Viscum originated in the early Eocene in Africa and appeared to 9 have diversified mainly through geographic isolation, in several cases apparently coinciding 10 with shifts in host preferences. During its evolution, switches in the reproductive mode from 11 ancestral dioecy to monoecy imply an important role in the long-distance dispersal of the 12 parasites from Africa to continental Asia and Australia. We also observed multiple cases of 13 photosynthetic surface reduction (evolution of scale leaves) within the genus, probably 14 indicative of increasing specialization associated with the parasitic lifestyle. Even compared 15 with other parasitic angiosperms, where more host generalists than specialists exist, Viscum 16 species are characterized by extraordinarily broad host ranges. Specialization on only a few 17 hosts from a single family or order occurs rarely and is restricted mostly to very recently 18 evolved lineages. The latter mostly derive from or are closely related to generalist parasites, 19 implying that niche shifting to a new host represents an at least temporary evolutionary 20 advantage in Viscum. 21 22 Keywords 23 mistletoes; parasitic plants; host range evolution; geographic range expansion; reproductive 24 switches; Viscum 25 3

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“…The minimum crown age of the subtribe Psittacanthinae was constrained to 47.8 Ma (95% CI: 48.2–67.1 Ma) according to the fossil pollen Miller Clay Pit MT2 identified as aff. Tripodanthus Tiegh., the first diverging branch within the Psittacanthinae (Wilson & Calvin, ; Vidal‐Russell & Nickrent, ; Su & al., ; Grímsson & al., ). The minimum crown age of the tribe Lorantheae was constrained to 47.8 Ma (95% CI: 48.2–67.1 Ma) according to the fossil pollen Changchang MT identified as Scurrulinae pollen with an Amyema ‐like margo, representing an early member of the Lorantheae (Grímsson & al., ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Tripodanthus Tiegh., the first diverging branch within the Psittacanthinae (Wilson & Calvin, ; Vidal‐Russell & Nickrent, ; Su & al., ; Grímsson & al., ). The minimum crown age of the tribe Lorantheae was constrained to 47.8 Ma (95% CI: 48.2–67.1 Ma) according to the fossil pollen Changchang MT identified as Scurrulinae pollen with an Amyema ‐like margo, representing an early member of the Lorantheae (Grímsson & al., ). The minimum crown age of the tribe Elytrantheae was constrained to 41.2 Ma (95% CI: 41.6–60.5 Ma) according to the fossil pollen Profen MT3 (Grímsson & al., ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Morphometric, phylogenetic and biogeographic analyses of Pyrularia (Santalales), a parasitic disjunct lineage between eastern Asia and eastern North America

Zhou

Wen

et al. 2019

TAXON

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Pyrularia is a small parasitic genus of the Santalales with two to five species exhibiting a well-known classical intercontinental disjunct distribution between eastern Asia (EA) and eastern North America (ENA). Pyrularia and another santalaceous genus Buckleya represent the only two parasitic plant lineages with the EA-ENA disjunction. The present study was carried out to assess the species number and molecular and morphological differentiation in Pyrularia, and to reconstruct the biogeography of the Pyrularia clade (Pyrularia and its close allies) using dating and biogeographic inferences. A phylogenetic analysis based on two nuclear and seven plastid markers strongly supported the monophyly of Pyrularia and revealed two highly distinct subclades corresponding to EA and ENA within the genus. Incongruent topologies within the eastern Asian lineage were found between the nuclear and the plastid datasets, which may be attributed to incomplete lineage sorting. Morphometric and phylogenetic analyses suggest that Pyrularia in eastern Asia may best be treated as a single species, P. edulis. Molecular dating based on four markers suggested that the divergence time between the intercontinental species was in the late Miocene at 5.58 Ma (95% HPD: 2.08-11.72 Ma), which was close to the split of the trans-Pacific clades within the other parasitic EA-ENA disjunct genus Buckleya. The EA-ENA disjunction in the only two parasitic genera may have resulted from the fragmentation of the mesophytic temperate forests in the late Miocene. The Pyrularia clade (including the close allies of Pyrularia) was inferred to have originated in Africa, then dispersed to Asia, and subsequently to North America via the Bering land bridge, resulting in the current intercontinental EA-ENA distribution of Pyrularia.Supporting Information may be found online in the Supporting Information section at the end of the article. Fruit peduncle relatively slender relatively robust and short relatively slender relatively robust and short Distribution widespread in eastern Asia (China,

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Eocene Loranthaceae pollen pushes back divergence ages for major splits in the family

Cited by 16 publications

References 88 publications

Combined LM and SEM study of the middle Miocene (Sarmatian) palynoflora from the Lavanttal Basin, Austria: Part V. Magnoliophyta 3 – Myrtales to Ericales

Combined LM and SEM study of the middle Miocene (Sarmatian) palynoflora from the Lavanttal Basin, Austria: Part V. Magnoliophyta 3 – Myrtales to Ericales

Morphology, geographic distribution, and host preferences are poor predictors of phylogenetic relatedness in the mistletoe genus Viscum L

Morphometric, phylogenetic and biogeographic analyses of Pyrularia (Santalales), a parasitic disjunct lineage between eastern Asia and eastern North America

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