Enzymes from spent mushroom substrate of Pleurotus sajor-caju for the decolourisation and detoxification of textile dyes

Abstract

The potential of ligninolytic enzymes, including lignin peroxidase (LiP) as the main enzyme from the spent mushroom substrate of Pleurotus sajor-caju was evaluated for the decolourisation of five dyes from azo and anthraquinone dye groups. Among the azo dyes, reactive black 5 and reactive orange 16 were 84.0 and 80.9% decolourised respectively, after 4 h of incubation with 45 U of LiP as compared to 32.1% decolourisation of disperse blue 79. Among the anthraquinone dyes, disperse red 60 was decolourised to 47.2% after 4 h of incubation with 45 U of LiP as compared to 5.9% decolourisation of disperse blue 56. Increasing the LiP concentration and incubation time had a positive effect on the decolourisation of anthraquinone dyes as compared to azo dyes. A 67.9% decolourisation of synthetic textile waste-water was achieved after 4 h of incubation with 25 U of LiP. Increasing the incubation time significantly increased (P \ 0.05) the decolourisation of synthetic textile wastewater. Further, there was a 52.4% reduction in the toxicity of synthetic textile waste-water treated with 55 U of LiP for 4 h. However, only 35.7% reduction in toxicity was achieved when the synthetic textile waste-water was treated with 55 U of LiP for 24 h. In this study, it was shown that the spent mushroom substrate of P. sajor-caju could be a cheap source of ligninolytic enzymes for the decolourisation of dyes in textile industry wastewaters.

Bioremediation of soils co-contaminated with heavy metals and 2,4,5-trichlorophenol by fruiting body of Clitocybe maxima

“…nutrients and toxicity) and they are sensitive to changes of soil environment [30]. Mushrooms can produce carbohydrates, amino acids, thiols and all kinds of enzymes [14,31], and these compounds can provide nutrients to microbes as well as lessen the pollutants effects [32]. Therefore, the lower bacterial counts in unplanted treatments may be due to the limited nutrients availability and elevated environmental stress.…”

Enzymatic decolourisation of Methyl Orange and Bismarck Brown using crude peroxidase from Armoracia rusticana

“…The use of enzymes in wastewater treatment is gaining momentum (Singh et al 2011). Most often microbial enzymes (Franciscon et al 2009) or fungal enzymes (Singh et al 2010) are used for this purpose.…”

“…All samples were centrifuged at 2,500 rpm for 10 min before reading absorbance at 460 and 400 nm for MO and BB, respectively. The percentage of decolourisation was calculated using the formula given below in Equation 2 (Singh et al 2011):…”

Bioremediation potential of filamentous fungi in methylene blue: Solid and liquid culture media

“…This metabolic flexibility occurs due to the production of enzymes, such as laccases, that degrade toxic compounds into ammonia to form biomass (Kanagaraj;Senthilvelan;Panda, 2015). However, the bioremediation potential of fungi depends on the species of fungus and the type of substrate (Singh et al, 2011).…”