Enzyme-treated Asparagus Extract Down-regulates Heat Shock Protein 27 of Pancreatic Cancer Cells

Abstract

Abstract. Background

Preparation of macroporous hybrid monoliths via iron‐based MOFs‐stabilized CO2‐in‐water HIPEs and use for β‐amylase immobilization

“…The contact angles are much less than 90°. It certifies that the Fe‐MOF is with strong hydrophilicity, which is advantageous for the formation of water continuous emulsions 51,52 …”

“…It certifies that the Fe-MOF is with strong hydrophilicity, which is advantageous for the formation of water continuous emulsions. 51,52 3.5 | Morphology of MOF-containing poly(HIPE) monoliths Figure 2). 16 The addition of PVA before polymerization is critical because the addition of organic monomers and the increase of temperature will reduce the stability of the emulsion.…”

Natural Products for Pancreatic Cancer Treatment: From Traditional Medicine to Modern Drug Discovery

“…Although various therapies have been developed against cancer, including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and so forth, pancreatic cancer is still deadly and represents 10% of the five-year survival rate [75]. Resistance is known to occur in gemcitabine treatment, which is the most common anti-cancer drug [76,77]. The drug resistance makes gemcitabine ineffective, and it consequently leads to difficulties in the successful treatment of cancer.…”

“…CSCs, pancreatic cancer stem-like cells; RAGE, receptor for advanced glycation end products; c-PARP, cleaved-poly ADP ribose polymerase; Bax, Bcl-2-associated X protein; NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa B; Bcl-2, B-cell lymphoma-2; COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2; ABCB1, ATP-binding cassette B1; ABCG2, ATP-binding cassette G2; HSP27, heat-shock protein 27; p-JNK, phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase; PDK1, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1; AKT1, protein kinase B1; CDk4, cyclin-dependent kinase 4; RRM1, ribonucleotide reductase subunit M1; RRM2, ribonucleotide reductase subunit M2; EpCam+, epithelial cell adhesion molecule+; ↑-up-regulation; ↓-down-regulation. Enzyme-treated asparagus extract (ETAS) is known to induce heat-shock protein (HSP) 70 [77]. Shimada et al investigated the regulation effect of ETAS on HSP27, which was previously demonstrated to causes gemcitabine resistance.…”

“…Coix seed emulsion and coix seed extract were extracted from the same natural product [53,76]. Moreover, there was no statement about sources of ETAS [77]. When OBE was treated on hTERT-immortalized human pancreatic epithelial nestin-expressing (HPNE) cells obtained from a normal pancreatic duct, cytotoxicity was not found at less than 40 µg/mL [78].…”