Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISAs) for metalloproteinase derived type II collagen neoepitope, CIIM—Increased serum CIIM in subjects with severe radiographic osteoarthritis

Circulating Citrullinated Vimentin Fragments Reflect Disease Burden in Ankylosing Spondylitis and Have Prognostic Capacity for Radiographic Progression

“…The healthy control serum samples had been obtained for 2 earlier studies (27,28). Healthy control subjects were all lean (body mass index Ͻ25 kg/m 2 ), between 21 and 72 years of age, and had no history of rheumatic or arthritic disease or treatment for such.…”

Extracellular Matrix Remodeling: The Common Denominator in Connective Tissue DiseasesPossibilities for Evaluation and Current Understanding of the Matrix as More Than a Passive Architecture, but a Key Player in Tissue Failure

“…Type II collagen degradation is mainly associated with rheulatological diseases such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid artiritis. 56 Type III collagen is mainly present in association with type I collagen and is an important component of the interstitial tissues of the lung, liver, dermis, spleen, and vessels. Type III collagen is a homotrimer consisting of three a 1 (III) chains.…”

“…A range of serological assessments have been developed to investigate some of the key structural proteins of the ECM (Table 3). 56,60,129,144,[196][197][198][199][200]217,274,276,278,311,314,[331][332][333][334][335][336][337][338][339][340][341][342][343][344][345][346][347] Measurement of these proteins may provide key information in clinical settings on the tissue turnover profile, and thereby assists in patient diagnosis, in identification of those patients in most need of treatment, and finally, in monitoring of clinical efficacy of interventions. These technologies may also be used in preclinical settings, in ex vivo and in vitro cultures, to determine the molecular mode of action in the assembly and maintenance of the matrix.…”

“…osteoarthritis affecting the articular cartilage (type II collagen and aggrecan) 56 . metabolic bone diseases (type I collagen) 138,[207][208][209][210] .…”

Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Case for Personalized Health Care?

“…Some of the major extracellular (ECM) constituents of the tissues in the joint are type I, II, and III collagen (37) that are degraded in the rheumatic pathologies, resulting in the release of protein fingerprints. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-mediated degradation of these collagens results in the generation of the specific biomarkers C1M, C2M, and C3M, respectively (38,39), while other protein fingerprints, such as C-telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-I), C-terminal crosslinking telopeptide of type I collagen generated by MMPs (ICTP), C-telopeptide of type II collagen (CTX-II), C2C, NITEGE (aggrecan), FFGV (aggrecan), C4M (type IV collagen), C5M (type V collagen), or C6M (type VI collagen), represent other distinct enzymatic processing of either the same or other ECM molecules (1,36). Measuring different degradation products of a protein may inform different and opposing metabolic mechanisms, exemplified by the characterization of type I collagen (Figure 3).…”