Enzyme histochemical profiles of fish spinal motoneurons after cordotomy and axotomy of motor nerves

Asselt, Els van; Raamsdonk, W. van; Graaf, F. de; Smit-Onel, M.J.; Diegenbach, P. C.; Heuts, B.

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(90)90754-y

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…For example, the denervation of muscle fibers of the carp by spinal cord crush resulted in small changes in metabolic markers and contractile protein content (Wittenberger and Coprean, 1977). In the zebrafish (Brachydanio rerio) a similar lesion brought about changes in fiber C SA after 2 weeks, but not in all muscle fiber types (van Asselt et al, 1990). Furthermore, an increase in the number and a change in the distribution of only "intermediate fibers" also were detected (van Raamsdonk et al, 1982).…”

Section: Resistance Of Muscle Phenotype To Change After Neural Input mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…A spinal cord transection at this level also eliminates all supraspinal activation to somatomotoneurons that are innervating skeletal muscles. Furthermore, it has been reported that the neuromuscular system of teleost fishes lacks muscle spindles and ␥-motoneurons (van Asselt et al, 1990). Spinal transection in S. macrurus renders the fish immobile, indicating a substantial reduction in motoneuronal activation of muscle fibers.…”

Section: Elimination Of Neural Inputmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1C). T wo survival periods were studied: (1) 2 weeks was the minimum period allowed to ensure the complete degeneration of nerve branches after denervation, and (2) 5 weeks was chosen on the basis of reports that the regeneration of descending axons in other fish does not occur within this survival time (van Asselt et al, 1990).…”

Section: Elimination Of Neural Inputmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reexpression of Myogenic Proteins in Mature Electric Organ after Removal of Neural Input

Unguez

Zakon

1998

J. Neurosci.

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The electric organ (EO) of the weakly electric fish Sternopygus macrurus derives from striated myofibers that fuse and suppress many muscle properties. Mature electrocytes are larger than muscle fibers, do not contain sarcomeres, or express myosin heavy chain (MHC) or tropomyosin. Furthermore, electrocytes express keratin, a protein not expressed in muscle. In S. macrurus the EO is driven continuously at frequencies higher than those of the intermittently active skeletal muscle. The extent to which differences in EO and muscle phenotype are accounted for by activity patterns, or innervation per se, was determined by assessing the expression of MHC, tropomyosin, and keratin 2 and 5 weeks after the elimination of (1) activity patterns by spinal transection or (2) all synaptic input by denervation.Immunohistochemical analyses showed no changes in muscle fiber phenotypes after either experimental treatment. In contrast, the keratin-positive electrocytes revealed an upregulation of MHC and tropomyosin. Nearly one-third of all electrocytes expressed MHC (35%) and tropomyosin (25%) 2 weeks after spinal transection, whereas approximately two-thirds (61%) expressed MHC 2 weeks after denervation. After 5 weeks of denervation or spinal transection, all electrocytes contained MHC and tropomyosin. Newly formed sarcomere clusters also were observed in denervated electrocytes. The MHC expressed in electrocytes corresponded to that present in a select population of muscle fibers, i.e., type II fibers. Thus, the elimination of electrical activity or all synaptic input resulted in a partial reversal of the electrocyte phenotype to an earlier developmental stage of its myogenic lineage.

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Section: Resistance Of Muscle Phenotype To Change After Neural Input mentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Elimination Of Neural Inputmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Elimination Of Neural Inputmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reexpression of Myogenic Proteins in Mature Electric Organ after Removal of Neural Input

Unguez

Zakon

1998

J. Neurosci.

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“…Few studies have examined the role of the nervous system on muscle properties in adult teleosts. Studies in piscine species report small changes in metabolic and contractile protein content in carp (69) and few changes in MHC fiber type conversion in zebrafish (2,45) after a 14-day denervation period. In the common carp (Cyprinus carpio), a 2 wk denervation period resulted in small changes in metabolic markers and contractile protein content (69).…”

Section: A Shout-out For Comparative Studiesmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In the common carp (Cyprinus carpio), a 2 wk denervation period resulted in small changes in metabolic markers and contractile protein content (69). A similar 2 wk denervation of adult zebrafish (Brachydanio rerio) muscle led to few changes in fiber type conversion, but not in all muscle fiber types (2,45). Together, these data underscore the need for investigations using vertebrate species and muscle groups other than those most commonly used to date (particularly hindlimb muscles in rodents) to more rigorously test the prevailing premise that nervedependent electrical activity is an essential regulator of the skeletal muscle phenotype.…”

Section: A Shout-out For Comparative Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of skeletal muscle in the teleost Sternopygus macrurus are unaffected by short-term electrical inactivity

Güth

Chaidez

Samanta³

et al. 2016

Physiological Genomics

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Skeletal muscle is distinguished from other tissues on the basis of its shape, biochemistry, and physiological function. Based on mammalian studies, fiber size, fiber types, and gene expression profiles are regulated, in part, by the electrical activity exerted by the nervous system. To address whether similar adaptations to changes in electrical activity in skeletal muscle occur in teleosts, we studied these phenotypic properties of ventral muscle in the electric fish Sternopygus macrurus following 2 and 5 days of electrical inactivation by spinal transection. Our data show that morphological and biochemical properties of skeletal muscle remained largely unchanged after these treatments. Specifically, the distribution of type I and type II muscle fibers and the cross-sectional areas of these fiber types observed in control fish remained unaltered after each spinal transection survival period. This response to electrical inactivation was generally reflected at the transcript level in real-time PCR and RNA-seq data by showing little effect on the transcript levels of genes associated with muscle fiber type differentiation and plasticity, the sarcomere complex, and pathways implicated in the regulation of muscle fiber size. Data from this first study characterizing the acute influence of neural activity on muscle mass and sarcomere gene expression in a teleost are discussed in the context of comparative studies in mammalian model systems and vertebrate species from different lineages.

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Changes in enzyme histochemical profiles of identified spinal motoneurons of the European eel,Anguilla anguilla, following cordotomy

et al. 1996

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The enzyme histochemical profiles of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (a marker of synthetic performance), succinate dehydrogenase (an indicator of oxidative metabolism), and NADH tetrazolium reductase (a marker of overall neuronal activity) were determined for identified white muscle motoneurons in six control and six cordotomized cels. Images were digitized and mean integrated absorbances obtained using appropriate hardware and software. For motoneurons caudal to the transection site there was a significant decrease in the mean absorbance value for NADH tetrazolium reductases which declines from 0.28 a.u. (arbitrary units) in control animals to 0.23 a.u. in cordotomized animals. However, no significant changes were detected in the activities of glucose-6-phosphate and succinate dehydrogenases. The cross-sectional area of the motoneuronal cell body was not affected by cordotomy. The decrease by around 20% in overall neuronal activity, as expressed by NADH tetrazolium reductase activity, might be expected from the decline in body motility that follows cordotomy. Changes in SDH and G6PDH activities would also be expected to follow this surgery, but none were seen, perhaps because they are compensated for by changes in neuronal metabolism that result from deafferentation.

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Enzyme histochemical profiles of fish spinal motoneurons after cordotomy and axotomy of motor nerves

Cited by 11 publications

References 24 publications

Reexpression of Myogenic Proteins in Mature Electric Organ after Removal of Neural Input

Reexpression of Myogenic Proteins in Mature Electric Organ after Removal of Neural Input

Properties of skeletal muscle in the teleost Sternopygus macrurus are unaffected by short-term electrical inactivity

Changes in enzyme histochemical profiles of identified spinal motoneurons of the European eel,Anguilla anguilla, following cordotomy

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