Enzyme activities in soils: Effects of leaching, ignition, autoclaving and fumigation

Tiwari, Sunita; Tiwari, B. K.; Mishra, Ruchi

doi:10.1016/0038-0717(88)90079-x

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…We chose autoclaving as the sterilization procedure as other procedures only reduce or eliminate microbial activity (gamma irradiation, azide, mercuric chloride, toluene or chloroform treatment) but do not curtail extracellular enzyme activities (Blankinship et al, 2014;Wolf et al, 1989;Tiwari et al, 1988;Oehl et al, 2001b). Given that P o mineraliza-tion is mediated by extracellular phosphatases, previous isotope experiments using short-term batch experiments with or without microbicides or γ -irradiation did not inhibit phosphatases and, therefore, did not allow for the separation of abiotic and biotic processes of P i release in soils.…”

Section: Soil Sterilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel isotope pool dilution approach to quantify gross rates of key abiotic and biological processes in the soil phosphorus cycle

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Efforts to understand and model the current and future behavior of the global phosphorus (P) cycle are limited by the availability of global data on rates of soil P processes, as well as their environmental controls. Here, we present a novel isotope pool dilution approach using 33P labeling of live and sterile soils, which allows for high-quality data on gross fluxes of soil inorganic P (Pi) sorption and desorption, as well as of gross fluxes of organic P mineralization and microbial Pi uptake to be obtained. At the same time, net immobilization of 33Pi by soil microbes and abiotic sorption can be easily derived and partitioned. Compared with other approaches, we used short incubation times (up to 48 h), avoiding tracer remineralization, which was confirmed by the separation of organic P and Pi using isobutanol fractionation. This approach is also suitable for strongly weathered and P-impoverished soils, as the sensitivity is increased by the extraction of exchangeable bioavailable Pi (Olsen Pi; 0.5 M NaHCO3) followed by Pi measurement using the malachite green assay. Biotic processes were corrected for desorption/sorption processes using adequate sterile abiotic controls that exhibited negligible microbial and extracellular phosphatase activities. Gross rates were calculated using analytical solutions of tracer kinetics, which also allowed for the study of gross soil P dynamics under non-steady-state conditions. Finally, we present major environmental controls of gross P-cycle processes that were measured for three P-poor tropical forest and three P-rich temperate grassland soils.

show abstract

Section: Soil Sterilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel isotope pool dilution approach to quantify gross rates of key abiotic and biological processes in the soil phosphorus cycle

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…70 (2): 183-188. sz¹, w stosunku do kontroli, zawartooeae wêgla organicznego, który stanowi oko³o 50% substancji organicznej -g³ównego sk³adnika próchnicy glebowej. Podobne wyniki uzyska³ w swym eksperymencie laboratoryjnym Tiwari et al (1988), który stwierdzi³, ¿e pra¿enie gleby w 450°C zmniejszy³o aktywnooeae dehydrogenaz, ureazy i fosfatazy kwaoenej do bardzo niskiego poziomu, jako wynik spalenia wszystkich substancji organicznych, w tym enzymów.…”

Section: Dyskusjaunclassified

Enzyme activity of soils after large-scale fires under varying habitat conditions using different methods of forest regeneration

Olszowska¹

2009

Forest Research Papers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aktywnooeae enzymatyczna gleb po¿arzysk wielkoobszarowych w zró¿nicowanych warunkach siedliskowych i po zastosowaniu ró¿nych sposobów odnowienia lasu Enzyme activity of soils after large-scale fires under varying habitat conditions using different methods of forest regeneration Abstract. The studies were conducted in plantations and thickets of Scots pine established in fresh coniferous (Boew), fresh mixed coniferous (BMoew) and wet mixed coniferous (BMw) forest habitats on the burnt area after the 1992 fire in the territory of the Rudy Raciborskie (Raciborskie Forests) and Potrzebowice (Notecka Primeval Forest) Forest Districts.The measurements of soil enzyme activity were made twice in Potrzebowice and three times in Rudy Raciborskie. Soil samples from a depth of 0-25 cm were collected for biochemical analyses and the activity of urease, asparaginase, acid phosphatase and dehydrogenases was determined. The organic carbon content and soil pH were established.The restocked areas in the Rudy Raciborskie Forest District showed considerably lower activity of all examined enzymes regardless of the habitat type -urease ca 60%, asparaginase -70%, acid phosphatase -80% and dehydrogenases over 70% compared with the control.In the territory of the Potrzebowice Forest District, soil enzyme activity in all restocked areas was lower in comparison with the control only in the case of dehydrogenases (by 40% in Boew and 25% in BMoew). Acid phosphatase activity was lower in Boew (by 44%). Soil asparaginase activity was 2-3 times higher in both Boew and BMoew habitats, while urease activity in Boew was similar to the control and markedly higher than in BMoew (by 39%). The rate of soil regeneration after the fire expressed in soil enzyme activity depended on the restocking method. The activity of the examined enzymes was found to be considerably higher in plantations established by planting and higher in BMoew compared with Boew.A decrease in enzyme activity of soils in the burnt areas persisting for nearly ten years after the fire indicates that the recovery of microbiocoenosis in the soils degraded by fire has not been completed. It also points to the usefulness of the studies on enzymatic activity as a sensitive indicator of soil response to stress factors.

show abstract

“…Tiwari et al (1988), working with different types of soil, registered urease activity after the soils were ignited at 450°C. Inorganic catalytic agents are formed in the ignited soil and these are responsible for the hydrolysis of urea.…”

Section: Experiments IImentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inorganic catalytic agents are formed in the ignited soil and these are responsible for the hydrolysis of urea. The degree of urea hydrolysis varied with the quality or quantity of the catalytic agents present (Tiwari et al 1988). …”

Section: Experiments IImentioning

confidence: 99%

Journal of Range Management, Volume 56, Number 3 (May 2003)

2003

REM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Enzyme activities in soils: Effects of leaching, ignition, autoclaving and fumigation

Cited by 22 publications

References 10 publications

A novel isotope pool dilution approach to quantify gross rates of key abiotic and biological processes in the soil phosphorus cycle

A novel isotope pool dilution approach to quantify gross rates of key abiotic and biological processes in the soil phosphorus cycle

Enzyme activity of soils after large-scale fires under varying habitat conditions using different methods of forest regeneration

Journal of Range Management, Volume 56, Number 3 (May 2003)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About