Enzymatic treatment of flax for use in composites

Prez, Jana De; Vuure, Aart Willem Van; Ivens, Jan; Aerts, Guido; Voorde, Ilse Van De

doi:10.1016/j.btre.2018.e00294

Cited by 47 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 101 publications

(249 reference statements)

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“…The main enzymes playing a role in the enzymatic extraction of natural fibers are pectinases, xylanases, laccases and cellulases [29]. Pectinases aim at the removal of pectin, xylanases break down the hemicellulose material, cellulase degrades the cellulose polymers and laccase is responsible for the degradation of lignin structure [30]. Recently, the use of enzymes xylanases has increased significantly at the industrial level [31,32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Fiber Treatment on the Stiffness of Date Palm Fiber Reinforced PP Composites: Macro and Micromechanical Evaluation of the Young’s Modulus

et al. 2020

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The present work aims at determining the potential of date palm wastes to be applied as reinforcement in polypropylene. For this, fibers were separated from the raw biomass via mechanical defibration in Sprout Waldron equipment. Then, three different treatment strategies were adopted on the fibers, being (i) mechanical, (ii) chemical with NaOH, and (iii) enzymatical with xylanases and pectinases. Fibers were characterized in terms of chemical composition, morphology and SEM. Additionally, PP was reinforced with date palm fibers and the composites’ stiffness was evaluated. The analysis was performed from a macro and micro mechanical viewpoint. The incorporation of 40 and 60 wt.% of DPF-E enhanced the Young’s modulus of PP by 205 and 308%, respectively. The potential of enzymatically treated fibers to replace glass fibers in composites was studied, exhibiting similar stiffening abilities at 60 wt.% of date palm fiber (6.48 GPa) and 40% of glass fibers (6.85 GPa). The intrinsic Young’s modulus of the fibers was set at values around 16, 20 and 24 GPa for mechanical, chemical and enzymatic fibers. From the micromechanical analysis, the efficiency of the reinforcement as well as the contribution of the length and orientation to the Young’s modulus of the composite was evaluated.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Fiber Treatment on the Stiffness of Date Palm Fiber Reinforced PP Composites: Macro and Micromechanical Evaluation of the Young’s Modulus

et al. 2020

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“…The flax fibers are produced from the prehistoric period. These fibers are separated from the stems of the plant Linum usitatissimum is mainly used to produce linen (Ruan et al, 2015;De Prez et al, 2018;Bourmaud et al, 2019). These are cellulosic plants but they are more in crystalline form.…”

Section: Flax (Linum Usitatissimum)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Fibers as Sustainable and Renewable Resource for Development of Eco-Friendly Composites: A Comprehensive Review

2019

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The increase in awareness of the damage caused by synthetic materials on the environment has led to the development of eco-friendly materials. The researchers have shown a lot of interest in developing such materials which can replace the synthetic materials. As a result, there is an increase in demand for commercial use of the natural fiber-based composites in recent years for various industrial sectors. Natural fibers are sustainable materials which are easily available in nature and have advantages like low-cost, lightweight, renewability, biodegradability, and high specific properties. The sustainability of the natural fiber-based composite materials has led to upsurge its applications in various manufacturing sectors. In this paper, we have reviewed the different sources of natural fibers, their properties, modification of natural fibers, the effect of treatments on natural fibers, etc. We also summarize the major applications of natural fibers and their effective use as reinforcement for polymer composite materials.

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“…Feedlyve AXC 1500 L and Peclyve EXG commercial enzyme solutions, supplied by Lyven SA (Colombelles, France), were selected. Feedlyve AXC 1500 L is rich in endo 1,4-β-xylanase, an enzyme that is able to degrade hemicellulose by attacking the xylan backbone of xylo-oligosaccharides [27]. Peclyve EXG is rich in pectinase and xyloglucanase, which can remove pectin and hemicellulose, respectively.…”

Section: Biochemical Enzymatic Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An effective treatment requires an accurate choice of enzymes and their contents. The leading enzymes used in the fibre modification are pectinases, used to hydrolyse pectin; hemicellulases (xylanases), able to destroy the hemicellulosic material; laccases, able to degrade lignin; and cellulases, responsible for the degradation of β-1,4-glucosidic bonds in crystalline and amorphous cellulose [27]. In some studies, enzymes are combined with chelating agents, such as EDTA (ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid) or EDTMPA (ethylene diamine tetra methylene phosphonic acid), whose role is to make pectin easily attacked by enzymes by extracting calcium ions from pectin in the cell walls of the plant [28,29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Modification of Flax Yarns by Enzymatic Treatment and Their Interfacial Adhesion with Thermoset Matrices

et al. 2020

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The aim of this study was to assess the effects of commercially available and relatively inexpensive enzyme preparations based on endo 1,4-β-xylanase, pectinase and xyloglucanase on the thermal (TGA), morphological (SEM), chemical (FT-IR) and mechanical (single yarn tensile tests) properties of flax yarns. The preparation based on pectinase and xyloglucanase provided the best results, resulting in the effective removal of hydrophilic components such as hemicellulose and pectin, the individualization of yarns and increased thermal stability at the expense of a reduction in mechanical properties, depending on the treatment parameters. Single yarn fragmentation tests pointed out an improved interfacial adhesion after enzymatic treatment, with reduced debonding length values of 18% for an epoxy matrix and up to 36% for a vinylester resin compared to untreated flax yarns.

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Enzymatic treatment of flax for use in composites

Cited by 47 publications

References 101 publications

Effect of the Fiber Treatment on the Stiffness of Date Palm Fiber Reinforced PP Composites: Macro and Micromechanical Evaluation of the Young’s Modulus

Effect of the Fiber Treatment on the Stiffness of Date Palm Fiber Reinforced PP Composites: Macro and Micromechanical Evaluation of the Young’s Modulus

Natural Fibers as Sustainable and Renewable Resource for Development of Eco-Friendly Composites: A Comprehensive Review

Surface Modification of Flax Yarns by Enzymatic Treatment and Their Interfacial Adhesion with Thermoset Matrices

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