Enzymatic mechanism of organic nitrogen conversion and ammonia formation during vegetable waste composting using two amendments

Chen, Mengli; Wang, Baorong; Bai, Xuejuan; Han, Gao Rong; Huang, Yanqun

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2019.06.027

Cited by 40 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Changes in N 2 O emissions were mainly driven by nitrification and denitrification processes [73] Nitrogen transformation, which involves the processes of mineralization of organic nitrogen compounds, nitrification and denitrification, is an important benchmark for evaluating NH 3 emission during composting [47]. The varying influence of moisture, temperature, organic matter content and pH contributed to the emission of NH 3 [75].…”

Section: Emission Dynamics Of Nitrous Oxide and Ammonia Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moisture-Induced Pattern of Gases and Physicochemical Indices in Corn Straw and Cow Manure Composting

et al. 2021

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This study investigated the altering effect of moisture on the emission pattern of gases and the evolutionary dynamics of physicochemical indices in corn straw and cow manure composting. Exploring this effect was reasonable to unravel the use of moisture as a cheap alternative to control gaseous emissions and improve the final properties of compost. The nutrient dynamics of the compost showed 21.6% losses in total organic carbon content, with a 33.3% increase in total nitrogen content at the end of composting. All the gases (CH4, CO2, N2O and NH3) yielded a common emission pattern despite the differences in moisture content. Except for CH4, the peak and stable emission periods of all the gases were observed on the 5th day (thermophilic phase) and after the 27th day (late mesophilic phase) of composting, respectively. Emission reductions of 89%, 91%, 95% and 100% were recorded for CH4, CO2, N2O and NH3, respectively, during the late mesophilic phase of composting. From the study, the 65% moisture content was efficient in reducing the loss rate of the gasses and nutrient contents of the compost. This study would enable farmers to channel organic residues generated into compost while minimizing pollution and nutrient losses associated with the composting process.

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Section: Emission Dynamics Of Nitrous Oxide and Ammonia Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moisture-Induced Pattern of Gases and Physicochemical Indices in Corn Straw and Cow Manure Composting

et al. 2021

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“…Improved standards of living result in changes in the way in which horticultural products are selected for harvesting, storage, transport, and sale. This is particularly true of leafy vegetables such as cauliflower, white cabbage, leek, and carrots [1][2][3]. Vegetable cultivation accounts for more than 10% of major crop cultivation in China and is critical in meeting human nutritional requirements, but it also generates 800 million tons of vegetable waste per annum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This vegetable waste causes environmental challenges including plant/animal pathogen propagation, atmospheric and water pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions [3][4][5][6]. Vegetable wastes are typically seasonal and have high (80 wt.%) moisture content, abundant macro-and micro-nutrients, and a relatively high pathogen load [1,7]. Several strategies for vegetable waste management are available; for example, composting and anaerobic co-digestion can convert vegetable waste into eco-friendly fertilizer and biogas, respectively [1,7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vegetable wastes are typically seasonal and have high (80 wt.%) moisture content, abundant macro-and micro-nutrients, and a relatively high pathogen load [1,7]. Several strategies for vegetable waste management are available; for example, composting and anaerobic co-digestion can convert vegetable waste into eco-friendly fertilizer and biogas, respectively [1,7,8]. However, relative to the production of fertilizer and energy, it is simpler and more economical to treat vegetable waste as a source of animal feed because it preserves the nutritional value and transforms vegetable waste into (ultimately) relatively high-value animal feed [7,9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exogenous Probiotics Improve Fermentation Quality, Microflora Phenotypes, and Trophic Modes of Fermented Vegetable Waste for Animal Feed

Shi

Zhang

et al. 2021

Microorganisms

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The fermentation of leaf vegetable waste to produce animal feed reduces the environmental impact of vegetable production and transforms leaf vegetable waste into a commodity. We investigated the effect of exogenous probiotics and lignocellulose enzymes on the quality and microbial community of fermented feed (FF) produced from cabbage waste. The addition of exogenous probiotics resulted in increased crude protein (CP) content (p < 0.05), better odor (moderate organic acid and ethanol, with low ammonia-N, p < 0.05), and a lower relative abundance (RA) of pathogens (below 0.4%, p < 0.05) in FF, compared to without. With the addition of exogenous probiotics, only Pediococcus and Saccharomyces were enriched and symbiotic in FF; these were the keystone taxa to reduce the abundance of aerobic, form-biofilms, and pathogenic microorganisms, resulting in an efficient anaerobic fermentation system characterized by facultative anaerobic and Gram-positive bacterial communities, and undefined saprotroph fungal communities. Thus, inoculation of vegetable waste fermentation with exogenous probiotics is a promising strategy to enhance the biotransformation of vegetable waste into animal feed.

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“…The NH 4 + -N content of C1 treatment was significantly higher than that of I1 and I2 treatment on the second day, and the difference reached the maximum between all treatments. It showed that the higher temperature and pH value of continuous aerated treatment was beneficial to the conversion of organic nitrogen into NH 4 + -N by ammonification [32,33]. As the higher nitrogen content in the early composting materials, microorganisms accelerated the decomposition of available nitrogen through ammonification which leads to a rapid accumulation in NH 4 + -N content [34].…”

Section: Nhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Aeration Method on Gaseous Emissions and the Losses of the Carbon and Nitrogen during Cow Manure Composting

Wang

Qiu

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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The objective of this research was to explore the effects of different aeration methods on NH3 and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the losses of carbon and nitrogen from composting of cow manure and corn stalks in the laboratory-scale reactors. Here, we designed three treatments, including continuous aerated treatment C1 (aeration rates 0.21 L·kg−1 dry matter (DM)·min−1) and intermittent aerated treatments I1 (aeration rates 0.42 L·kg−1 DM·min−1; aerate 10 min, stop 10 min) and I2 (aeration rates 0.84 L·kg−1 DM·min−1; aerate 5 min, stop 15 min). The results showed that the physicochemical parameters (temperature, pH values, and germination index) of composting products met the requirements of maturity and sanitation. Compared with continuous aerated treatment C1, the cumulative NH3 emissions of I1 and I2 treatments decreased by 24.37% and 19.27%, while the cumulative CO2 emissions decreased by 13.01% and 20.72%. On the contrary, the cumulative N2O emissions of I1 and I2 treatments increased by 22.22% and 43.14%. CO2 emission was the principal pathway for the TOC losses, which comprised over 65% of TOC losses. C1 treatment had the highest TOC losses due to its highest cumulative CO2 emissions. The TN losses of I1 and I2 treatments reduced 9.07% and 6.1% compared to C1 treatment, so the intermittent aerated modes could reduce the TN loss. Due to the potential for mitigation of gaseous emissions, I1 treatment was recommended to be used in aerobic composting of cow manure.

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Enzymatic mechanism of organic nitrogen conversion and ammonia formation during vegetable waste composting using two amendments

Cited by 40 publications

References 50 publications

Moisture-Induced Pattern of Gases and Physicochemical Indices in Corn Straw and Cow Manure Composting

Moisture-Induced Pattern of Gases and Physicochemical Indices in Corn Straw and Cow Manure Composting

Exogenous Probiotics Improve Fermentation Quality, Microflora Phenotypes, and Trophic Modes of Fermented Vegetable Waste for Animal Feed

Influence of Aeration Method on Gaseous Emissions and the Losses of the Carbon and Nitrogen during Cow Manure Composting

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