Enzymatic determination of glucose in a flow system by catalytic oxidation of the nicotinamide coenzyme at a modified electrode

Appelqvist, Roger; Markó-Varga, György; Gorton, Lo; Torstensson, Arne; Johansson, Gillis

doi:10.1016/s0003-2670(00)86226-1

Cited by 276 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Teflon tubing. A homemade flow-through amperometric cell was of the confined wall-jet type 29 and connected to the outlet of the flow-injection system. The inlet section of the cell contained the Ag/AgCl reference electrode in a circular chamber filled with 0.1 M KCl from an external syringe.…”

Section: Apparatus and Deposition Of The Prussian Blue Filmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensor for Hydrogen Peroxide Based on Prussian Blue Modified Electrode: Improvement of the Operational Stability

et al. 2000

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Section: Apparatus and Deposition Of The Prussian Blue Filmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensor for Hydrogen Peroxide Based on Prussian Blue Modified Electrode: Improvement of the Operational Stability

et al. 2000

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“…The recorded current will then be proportional to the glucose concentration in the sample. Previously it has been clearly shown that using polymeric bound mediators and especially polymeric mediators covalently bound with the enzyme is beneficial to obtain stable biosensors [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60]. However, in the case stipulated in this work when coimmobilising GOD and HRP it has been possible to achieve long term stable sensors.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The synergetIc effect of redox mediators and peroxidase in a bienzymatic biosensor for glucose assays in FIA

Rondeau

Larsson²,

Boujtita

et al. 1999

Analusis

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Amperometric biosensors based on enzymes are interesting due to their high sensitivity, excellent selectivity, simplicity, low cost and rapid response. The most frequently used enzymatic methods for glucose determination employ glucose oxidase (GOD), due to its high selectivity towards ß-D-glucose. In the presence of GOD, the oxidation of glucose occurs, producing H 2 O 2 . Most commonly, the electrochemical detection is performed through the anodic oxidation of H 2 O 2 [1]. A drawback with this detection technique is that high overvoltages are required, and an applied potential in the range of 0.6-1.1 V vs. Ag/AgCl is necessary. Working at such high potentials increases the risk of interference from easily oxidisable compounds such as ascorbate, ureate, acetaminophen, paracetamol, phenols, etc. which are common compounds in biological samples.A possible way of improving the selectivity of such a biosensor is to couple a second enzyme (peroxidase) to the oxidase, creating a bienzymatic sensor. Peroxidase catalyses the electrochemical reduction of H 2 O 2 produced by GOD through a direct electron transfer reaction at a much lower applied potential compared with electrochemical oxidation of H 2 O 2 and maximum catalytic current can be obtained at carbon electrodes in a potential range of -0.1 and 0 V [2-14]. However, the kinetics of the direct electron transfer from an electrode to the peroxidase is a sluggish process [15][16][17] hence the advantage of using a mediator.The introduction of a mediator in the bienzymatic system (GOD/HRP) leads to an acceleration of the electron transfer, a decrease in the applied working potential (the reduction of the mediator is detected at the electrode) and an increase in sensitivity. The use of mediators is a well-known technique although the way of adding the mediator to the bienzymatic system (oxidase/peroxidase) may vary. A number of different mediators have been used as additions into sample solutions such as, potassium hexacyanoferrate (II) [18][19][20][21][22][23][24] [44,45], and Nafion-Nmethyl phenazinium [46]. The advantages of using the redox polymers are several, but mainly they result in more stable biosensors since leaking of the mediator from the electrode is minimised and higher and faster responses are observed due to the proximity between the enzyme and the mediator. Although, choosing an appropriate bulk matrix and mediator concentration these properties can be achieved with nonpolymeric mediators and recently a ferrocene mediated bienzymatic graphite-Teflon electrode has been developed for batch and flow-injection measurements [47]. On the other hand several biosensors based on monoenzymatic electrodes 649The synergetIc effect of redox mediators and peroxidase in a bienzymatic biosensor for glucose assays in FIA Abstract. A bienzymatic biosensor incorporating a mediator has been developed in order to achieve a fast and selective detection of glucose in a flow injection system. The working electrode is based on a carbon paste matrix bulk modified with glucose ...

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“…The enzyme modified electrode was placed into a Teflon holder and inserted into a flowthrough wall-jet amperometric cell (Appelqvist, et al, 1985) …”

Section: Measurements With Graphite Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct heterogeneous electron transfer of theophylline oxidase

Christenson

Dock

Gorton

et al. 2004

Biosensors and Bioelectronics

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Enzymatic determination of glucose in a flow system by catalytic oxidation of the nicotinamide coenzyme at a modified electrode

Cited by 276 publications

References 59 publications

Sensor for Hydrogen Peroxide Based on Prussian Blue Modified Electrode: Improvement of the Operational Stability

Sensor for Hydrogen Peroxide Based on Prussian Blue Modified Electrode: Improvement of the Operational Stability

The synergetIc effect of redox mediators and peroxidase in a bienzymatic biosensor for glucose assays in FIA

Direct heterogeneous electron transfer of theophylline oxidase

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