Enzymatic defluorination of fluorinated compounds

Abstract

Fluorine-containing compounds are widely used because they have properties required in textiles and coatings for electronic, automotive, and outdoor products. However, fluorinated compounds do not easily break down in nature, which has resulted in their accumulation in the environment as well as the human body. Recently, the enzymatic defluorination of fluorine-containing compounds has gained increasing attention. Here, we review the enzymatic defluorination reactions of fluorinated compounds. Furthermore, we review the enzyme engineering strategies for cleaving C-F bonds, which have the highest dissociation energy found in organic compounds.

Effect of soil organic matter on the plant uptake of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulphonic acid (PFOS) in lettuce on granular activated carbon-applied soil

“…Long-chained PFAAs such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) have reportedly demonstrated high physicochemical stability and bioaccumulation rates with potent toxicity. PFOA, PFOS, and their precursors were listed as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) by the Stockholm Convention; hence, their use is being phased out globally (Ghisi et al, 2019;Kim et al, 2015;Seong et al, 2019;Weber et al, 2019;Stockholm Convention, 2019). However, being highly persistent, PFAAs are frequently detected even in remote regions (Guo et al, 2016;Jian et al, 2017;Perez et al, 2014;Sungur, 2018).…”

Environmental and dietary exposure of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid in the Nakdong River, Korea

“…Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been widely used in the fabric, paper, metal, surfactant, and electronic industries since the 1950s (Wang et al 2014;Filipovic et al 2015, Seong et al 2019. Two of the most widely used PFAS include the long-chain perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA).…”

Comparison of the plant uptake factor of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) from the three different concentrations of PFOA and PFOS in soil to spinach and Welsh onion

“…However, the residue risk of the long-chained PFAAs such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) in environment and food are constantly raised due to their potent physicochemical stability, bioaccumulation and toxicity. Especially, PFOA, PFOS and those related compounds have been listed on persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Stockholm Convention [17,18,29,31,32]. Although the POPs had been banned to produce and use in commercial products, there were frequently detected in environment, crops and wildlife as well as in human [2,14,20,[24][25][26]28,30].…”