“…The ligninolytic enzyme complex and the antioxidant enzyme activity in the white-rot fungus Trametes trogii 4 6 were improved by lignocellulose degradation after addition of copper ions [31], in which the changing tendency of laccase, SOD and CAT activities were a close analogy to the present work. The phosphoglucomutase (PGM) activity from Cordyceps militaris was investigated by addition of metal ions [32]. The results were found Ca 2+ , Zn 2+ , Mg 2+ , Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ could enhance the activity of PGM and mRNA transcription level of pgm gene.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…And, the change in tendency of laccase, SOD, and CAT activities with the addition of Cu 2+ were closely analogous to the present work. The phosphoglucomutase (PGM) activity from Cordyceps militaris was investigated with the addition of metal ions 32 . And, results showed Ca 2+ , Zn 2+ , Mg 2+ , Fe 2+ , and Fe 3+ could improve the activity of PGM and mRNA transcription level of the pgm gene.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The phosphoglucomutase (PGM) activity from Cordyceps militaris was investigated with the addition of metal ions. 32 And, results showed Ca 2+ , Zn 2+ , Mg 2+ , Fe 2+ , and Fe 3+ could improve the activity of PGM and mRNA transcription level of the pgm gene. These results demonstrated that the activities of key enzymes helped to accumulate the target compounds with the addition of optimized metal ions.…”
Chaetominine (CHA), an alkaloid with biological activity produced by Aspergillus fumigatus CY018, has strong anticancer activity against the human leukemia cell. However, its further research for pharmacokinetics is limited by CHA production in submerged fermentation, which is a problem urgently awaiting solutions by effective biological strategies. In this work, Ca 2+ and Al 3+ exhibited a strong promoting effect on CHA production after multiple metal ions screening. Then, the concentration of Ca 2+ and Al 3+ and the addition time was optimized. The suitable conditions were 0.5 mM Ca 2+ and 0.5 mM Al 3+ at 120 h, in which the CHA production reached 58.5 and 49.45 mg/L with optimized condition of Ca 2+ and Al 3+ respectively. The intermediate metabolites, such as DAHP, chorismate and tryptophan, were increased obviously with addition of Ca 2+ and Al 3+ . The activities of key enzymes of DAHPs, AroAs and TrpCs in CHA biosynthesis pathway were improved by 3.58-, 3.60-and 3.34-folds respectively. Meanwhile, the transcription levels of laeA, dahp, cs, and trpC were upregulated by 3.22-, 12.65-, 5.58-and 6.99-fold respectively by addition of Ca 2+ and Al 3+ . Additionally, the fermentation strategy was successfully scaled up to 5 L reactor, in which CHA production could attain 75.6 mg/L at 336 h. This work demonstrated that Ca 2+ and Al 3+ co-addition was an effective strategy for increasing CHA production, and the information obtained might be useful to the further improvement of CHA fermentation on large scale.
“…The ligninolytic enzyme complex and the antioxidant enzyme activity in the white-rot fungus Trametes trogii 4 6 were improved by lignocellulose degradation after addition of copper ions [31], in which the changing tendency of laccase, SOD and CAT activities were a close analogy to the present work. The phosphoglucomutase (PGM) activity from Cordyceps militaris was investigated by addition of metal ions [32]. The results were found Ca 2+ , Zn 2+ , Mg 2+ , Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ could enhance the activity of PGM and mRNA transcription level of pgm gene.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…And, the change in tendency of laccase, SOD, and CAT activities with the addition of Cu 2+ were closely analogous to the present work. The phosphoglucomutase (PGM) activity from Cordyceps militaris was investigated with the addition of metal ions 32 . And, results showed Ca 2+ , Zn 2+ , Mg 2+ , Fe 2+ , and Fe 3+ could improve the activity of PGM and mRNA transcription level of the pgm gene.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The phosphoglucomutase (PGM) activity from Cordyceps militaris was investigated with the addition of metal ions. 32 And, results showed Ca 2+ , Zn 2+ , Mg 2+ , Fe 2+ , and Fe 3+ could improve the activity of PGM and mRNA transcription level of the pgm gene. These results demonstrated that the activities of key enzymes helped to accumulate the target compounds with the addition of optimized metal ions.…”
Chaetominine (CHA), an alkaloid with biological activity produced by Aspergillus fumigatus CY018, has strong anticancer activity against the human leukemia cell. However, its further research for pharmacokinetics is limited by CHA production in submerged fermentation, which is a problem urgently awaiting solutions by effective biological strategies. In this work, Ca 2+ and Al 3+ exhibited a strong promoting effect on CHA production after multiple metal ions screening. Then, the concentration of Ca 2+ and Al 3+ and the addition time was optimized. The suitable conditions were 0.5 mM Ca 2+ and 0.5 mM Al 3+ at 120 h, in which the CHA production reached 58.5 and 49.45 mg/L with optimized condition of Ca 2+ and Al 3+ respectively. The intermediate metabolites, such as DAHP, chorismate and tryptophan, were increased obviously with addition of Ca 2+ and Al 3+ . The activities of key enzymes of DAHPs, AroAs and TrpCs in CHA biosynthesis pathway were improved by 3.58-, 3.60-and 3.34-folds respectively. Meanwhile, the transcription levels of laeA, dahp, cs, and trpC were upregulated by 3.22-, 12.65-, 5.58-and 6.99-fold respectively by addition of Ca 2+ and Al 3+ . Additionally, the fermentation strategy was successfully scaled up to 5 L reactor, in which CHA production could attain 75.6 mg/L at 336 h. This work demonstrated that Ca 2+ and Al 3+ co-addition was an effective strategy for increasing CHA production, and the information obtained might be useful to the further improvement of CHA fermentation on large scale.
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