Enzymatic Activity and Content of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Soils under Low-Stack Emission in Lublin

Futa, Barbara; Bielińska, E. J.; Ligęza, Sławomir; Chmielewski, Szymon; Wesołowska, Sylwia; Patkowski, Krzysztof; Mocek-Płóciniak, Agnieszka

doi:10.17951/pjss.2017.50.1.63

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…Individual enzymes have different requirements regarding optimal conditions for the environment where they remain active, and they demonstrate varied resistance and sensitivity to environmental stress. This confirms again that determination of the activity of soil enzymes provides a reliable evaluation of soil quality (Futa 2017;Li et al 2015).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Mutual relations between PAHs derived from atmospheric deposition, enzymatic activity, and humic substances in soils of differently urbanized areas

et al. 2018

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Purpose The aim of this study was to determine the mutual relations between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) originated from atmospheric emissions and enzymatic activity and humic substances in soils at differently urbanized area, on an example of the Lublin city, east Poland. Materials and methods The chosen areas represented three differently urbanized environments: old tenement houses and modern residential blocks, mixture of different building and rural landscape, and typical rural environment with smallholding farms, respectively. On each of the urban, suburban, and rural areas, one representative plot was chosen on fallow lands classified as luvisol derived from loess. The soil samples were collected from the top 25 cm layer. The following properties were determined: pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, humic and fulvic acids, PAHs content (14 PAHs from US EPA list), and the activities of the following enzymes: dehydrogenases, acid phosphatase, alkane phosphatase, protease, and urease. Results and discussion Higher contents of organic C and total N were found in the rural soil samples. The share of humic acid was similar in all soils investigated, ranging from 19.38 to 25.27%, while fulvic acid values differ significantly between urban and rural areas. The urban soils indicated much lower share of fulvic acids (9.78-10.99%) than those of rural (29.02-29.32%). Consequently, the values of the C HA :C FA ratio of the urban soil were approximately two times higher than those of the rural soil. The results showed that both the rate of humification and the activity of dehydrogenases, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and proteases in the soils increased in the following sequence: urban < suburban < rural. Conclusions The results showed that an increase of PAHs in the urbanized areas affect other soil properties. The phenanthrene/ anthracene and fluoranthene/pyrene ratios pointed to coal combustion as the principal source of PAHs in the investigated soils. The PAH content in the urbanized area inhibit humification processes in the soil and the activity of dehydrogenases, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and proteases.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Mutual relations between PAHs derived from atmospheric deposition, enzymatic activity, and humic substances in soils of differently urbanized areas

et al. 2018

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“…Determining the content of xenobiotics in soil does not reflect the real ecotoxicological risk associated with their presence in the environment. However, soil enzymes reflect the level of environmental contamination that threatens living organisms without identifying multiple compounds [22,87,89].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic Constraints on the Ecobiochemical Status of Cultivated Soils along Transportation Routes

Zawierucha

Zawierucha²,

Futa

et al. 2023

Toxics

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There is a lack of studies on the impact of COVID-19-related population mobility and freight transport restrictions on the soil environment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of automotive pollution on selected parameters describing the quality and healthiness of crop soils based on results obtained before the pandemic (2017–2019) in relation to data from the pandemic period (2020–2021). The study included soils from six cultivated fields located in eastern Poland along national roads (DK No. 74 and 82) and provincial roads (DW No. 761 and 835). Soil samples were taken from distances of 5, 20, 50, and 100 m from the edge of the roadway. The following soil characteristics were determined: pHKCl, content of total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), and activity of the three enzymes dehydrogenases (ADh), neutral phosphatase (APh), and urease (AU). The degree of traffic-generated soil pollution was assessed by determining the samples’ total cadmium and lead levels (Cd and Pb) and total content of 14 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Σ14PAHs). The monitoring of cultivated soils showed that the parameters of cultivated soils varied primarily according to the distance from the edge of the roadway. There was an increase in soil acidity and TOC and TN content and a decrease in Cd, Pb, and Σ14PAHs as one moved away from the edge of the roadway. The highest ADh and APh values were found in soils located 100 m from the edge of the road. AU at 5 m and 20 m from the edge of the pavement was significantly higher than at 100 m away. The reduction in vehicular traffic associated with the pandemic did not affect the changes in the reaction of the studied soils and their TOC, TN, and Pb contents. The lowest content of Σ14PAHs was found in 2020. In the case of the amount of Cd in soils, a downward effect was also observed in 2020. However, no significant differences were noted, except for the soils in Skorzeszyce and Łuszczów Kolonia. The reduced influx of xenobiotics into the soil environment stimulated ADh and APh. In the following year (2021), the amounts of tested xenobiotics and enzyme activities in the soils were at a similar level to those in 2019. The results indicate a positive but short-term effect of the pandemic on reducing the contamination of soils located along transportation routes.

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“…Such contamination often reduces the diversity of the microbial populations and upsets the ecological homeostasis. Biochemical activity is a good alternative means of assessing the impact of pollutants on soil quality (Baran et al 2004;Labud et al 2007;Futa et al 2017), as it constitutes a reliable indicator of soil fertility and productivity. Furthermore, biochemical activity is the driver of all biochemical processes occurring within a given medium-processes like the decomposition of organic compounds or detoxification of xenobiotics (Margesin et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological and Biochemical Activity in Soil Contaminated with Pyrene Subjected to Bioaugmentation

Lipińska

Wyszkowska

Kucharski

2021

Water Air Soil Pollut

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The aim of the study was to determine the efficacy of bioaugmentation in pyrene-contaminated soil based on microbial counts, colony development index (CD), ecophysiological diversity index (EP), soil enzyme activity, and an assay of residual pyrene levels in the soil. The soil samples were contaminated with pyrene doses of 100 and 1000 mg kg−1 DM soil. Two bacterial consortia were used in the study: P1 (Bacillus frigoritolerans Z2B-19, Bacillus simplex 2–134, and Bacillus thuringiensis ex4) and P2 (Bacillus pumilus Bp-11, Bacillus safensis L22, and Bacillus aerophilus KUDC1741). The following parameters were determined: counts of organotrophic bacteria, actinobacteria, and fungi; CD; EP; and the activity of soil enzymes. The pyrene degradation efficacy of the bioaugmentation was also established. Microbiological activity was influenced by the level of soil contamination with pyrene, the test time, and the type of consortium. Pyrene had a stimulatory effect on the microbial counts and was a diversifier of CD values, EP values, and enzyme activity levels in the soil. Bioaugmentation initially promoted the growth of microorganisms, but ultimately diminished the ecophysiological diversity and the activity of soil enzymes. The microorganisms used for bioaugmentation accelerated pyrene removal from the soil, by 24.6% and 16.4% in the case of P1 and P2 consortium, respectively. The use of bioaugmentation provides favorable conditions for the effective elimination of pyrene from soil. As the microbiological and biochemical properties of the soil were improved in the initial phase of the study, this method can be recommended for the bioremediation of pyrene-contaminated soils.

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Enzymatic Activity and Content of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Soils under Low-Stack Emission in Lublin

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Mutual relations between PAHs derived from atmospheric deposition, enzymatic activity, and humic substances in soils of differently urbanized areas

Mutual relations between PAHs derived from atmospheric deposition, enzymatic activity, and humic substances in soils of differently urbanized areas

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic Constraints on the Ecobiochemical Status of Cultivated Soils along Transportation Routes

Microbiological and Biochemical Activity in Soil Contaminated with Pyrene Subjected to Bioaugmentation

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