Enzootic calcinosis in ruminants: A review

Machado, Mizael; Castro, Márcio Botelho de; Gimeno, Eduardo Juan; Barros, Severo Sales de; Riet-Correa, Franklin

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.08.009

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In South America, four native calcinogenic plants of the Solanaceae family cause enzootic calcinosis characterized by systemic calcification, hypoparathyroidism, hypercalcitoninism, hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, thyroid C-cell hyperplasia, parathyroid atrophy, osteonecrosis, and osteopetrosis ( Machado et al, 2020b ). The pathogenesis of enzootic calcinosis is complex but studies demonstrated a similarity with the bone-forming process.…”

Section: Poisonous Plants In South Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

Plants causing poisoning outbreaks of livestock in South America: A review

2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Poisonous Plants In South Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

Plants causing poisoning outbreaks of livestock in South America: A review

2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Arterial ultrastructural changes such as dedifferentiation, cell migration, and mineralization processes, matrix vesicles production and the release of extracellular vesicles, and other morphological changes related to phenotypical changes of VSMC were investigated. 13,20,28,46…”

Section: Transmission Electron Microscopy and Ultrastructural Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…28 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 (calcitriol) or its glycoside derivatives have been identified as the toxic components of some of these toxic plants. 28 Although enzootic calcinosis has been described for over 100 years, its pathogenic mechanism has not yet been entirely determined. 28 Arterial mineralization of both elastic and muscular arteries is a hallmark of enzootic calcinosis in ruminants.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Poisoning by calcinogenic plants, known as enzootic calcinosis, is considered the leading cause of arterial mineralization in livestock worldwide. 28 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 (calcitriol) or its glycoside derivatives have been identified as the toxic components of some of these toxic plants. 28 Although enzootic calcinosis has been described for over 100 years, its pathogenic mechanism has not yet been entirely determined.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…28 Although enzootic calcinosis has been described for over 100 years, its pathogenic mechanism has not yet been entirely determined. 28…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Poisoning by Nierembergia veitchii: Effects on vascular smooth muscle cells in the pathogenesis of enzootic calcinosis

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vascular mineralization is a hallmark of enzootic calcinosis. Histopathological, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical investigations were performed on the external carotid arteries of seven sheep naturally poisoned by Nierembergia veitchii. Histologically, moderate to marked hyperplasia of the tunica intima was observed without mineralization. The tunica media exhibited mild to severe mineralization and osteochondroid metaplasia. Sheep with enzootic calcinosis showed arterial overexpression of osteopontin and tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase and immunolabeling for osteonectin and osteocalcin in both intima and media layers of the tested arteries. The main ultrastructural finding in the tunica media was a marked phenotypic change of vascular smooth muscle cells from a contractile phenotype (VSMC-C) into a synthetic phenotype (VSMC-S). In the tunica media, VSMC-S produced matrix and extracellular vesicles, forming mineralizable granules associated with arterial mineralization. VSMC-S were also present in the tunica intima, but matrix and extracellular vesicles and mineralization were not observed. The absence of matrix and extracellular vesicles in the intimal hyperplasia, even in the presence of noncollagenous bone proteins, tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase, and vitamin D receptors, reinforces the hypothesis that the presence of matrix and extracellular vesicles are crucial for the development of vascular mineralization in enzootic calcinosis. It is proposed that the two different VSMC-S phenotypes in calcinosis are due to the expression of at least two genetically different types of these cells induced by the action of 1,25(OH)2D3.

show abstract