Environmentally safe substances for controlling the root-knot nematode,Meloidogyne arenariainfested potato and their influence on yield and alkaloidal content in Egypt

Abstract

The nematicidal action of three seed mill wastes from cress (Eruca sativa Mill.), castor (Ricinus communis L.) and linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) as soil additives were tested at three rates (on base lower rate, recommended rate and higher rate), under field conditions at the research and production station of the National Research Centre, El-Nubaria district, El-Beheira governorate, Western Nile Delta region, Egypt, to study the physiological influence of these substances on potato yield, their role against Meloidogyne arenaria infection and the alkaloidal content. All the evaluated treatments significantly ( p 6 0.05 and/or 0.01) reduced the numbers of juveniles in soil and in roots, number of galls, egg masses, gall and egg mass indices and consequently rate of nematode build-up as compared to untreated plants(control). Statistical differences in the nematode stages were found within and between treatments. The percentage of reduction in the nematode stages was comparatively more with using of Linseed mill wastes followed by castor seed mill wastes, then cress seed mill wastes. Regarding to the potato yield, all the evaluated amendments achieved significantly (p 6 0.05 and/or 0.01) increased, total contents of alkaloidal content as compared to untreated plants. On the other hand, all the evaluated amendments achieved significantly (p 6 0.05 and/or 0.01) decreased the solanine values as compared to untreated plants. These results indicate that some natural compounds may be used as natural nematicides in controlling M. arenaria nematode and improving the quality and yield of potato plants.

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“…SD, RS and CD composts also showed reduction in total final numbers of the nematode stages and rate of build-up as compared to control. These data are in harmony with reports of Waceke and Waudo [21]; Abadir, et al [19]; Aboul-Eid, et al [7]; Ismail, et al [8] and Ismail, et al [24] who respectively reported that the application of different organic composts significantly suppressed the populations of plant -parasitic nematodes on the test crops.…”

Nematicidal activity of furanocoumarins from parsley againstMeloidogynespp.

“…When effective, biodisinfestation with organic soil additives can be viewed as an environmentally friendly, low‐cost and easy‐to‐apply nematode control method that additionally improves crop quality and yield. Recently, Ismail and co‐workers reported on the use of cress ( Eruca sativa ), castor ( Ricinus communis ) and linseed ( Linum usitatissimum ) against M. arenaria in potato fields . Organic manure (poultry, cow dung and domestic waste) used for the control of M. incognita on Ethiopian eggplant ( Solanum aethiopicum ) improved yield in greenhouse pot experiments .…”

“…Recently, Ismail and co-workers reported on the use of cress (Eruca sativa), castor (Ricinus communis) and linseed (Linum usitatissimum) against M. arenaria in potato fields. 42 Organic manure (poultry, cow dung and domestic waste) used for the control of M. incognita on Ethiopian eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum) improved yield in greenhouse pot experiments. 43 Stirling suggested that conventional vegetable farming systems could be improved by annually incorporating commercially available organic amendments, or by mulching Pest Manag Sci 2015; 71: 1099-1105 biomass from rotation crops onto the bed surface well before the vegetable crop is to be planted, or by leaving the bed undisturbed and covering those residues with plastic.…”

Controlling of Meloidgyne incognita (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae) using nematicides, Linum usitatissimum extract and certain organic acids on four peppers cultivars under greenhouse conditions

“…However, the loss of pesticides as a result of EU rules (EC No1107/2009) has increased the need for effective nematode resistance, which state that they are dangerous to human health and a pollutant to the environment ( Zhang et al, 2017 ). As a result, there is a critical need for a nematode control option that is both ecologically acceptable and effective, such as Linum usitatissimum extract ( Ismail et al, 2014 ), organic acids like humic acid (HA) ( Nagachandrabose and Baidoo, 2021 ) and salicylic acids (SA) ( Martínez-Medina et al, 2017 ). Many crops have been displayed to benefit from HA, a byproduct formed during the breakdown of organic waste ( Khattab et al, 2012 , Khan et al, 2013 ).…”