Environmentally relevant pesticides induce biochemical changes in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Comparison of the drinking water standard for pesticides of the Brazil with other countries

“…The mixture of pesticides in water can be more toxic than individual compounds, both in drinking water for human consumption and in bodies of water, given that humans, in addition to consuming water contaminated by pesticides, can also consume aquatic animals [ 14 ]. When evaluating individual and synergistic toxic effects of pesticides performed with zebrafish and Nile tilapia, the researchers showed that there is a synergistic effect in the combination of pesticides [ 65 , 66 ]. From these synergistic mixtures, cholinesterase inhibitor insecticides (organophosphates), triazole fungicides, triazine herbicides, and pyrethroid insecticides, which are toxic and affect human health, have been detected in water [ 67 ].…”

The Effect of Neonicotinoids Exposure on Oreochromis niloticus Histopathological Alterations and Genotoxicity

“…They are categorized as nAChR competitive modulators by the Insecticide Resistance Action Committee (IRAC) (Malhotra et al 2021 ). Because neonicotinoids are rapidly carried into surface water by leaching, percolation and runoff from agricultural regions, they pose a significant danger to environmental water quality, threatening non-target species and aquatic organisms (Solomon et al 2013 ; Yi et al 2019 ; Marins et al 2021 ). Belonging to the chloronicotinyl neonicotinoids, imidacloprid and acetamiprid are two widely used insecticides.…”