Environmentally driven mode of business development: a management control perspective

From necessity to responsibility: evidence for corporate environmental citizenship activities from a developing country perspective

“…In other words, they need more institutional forces to be good citizens for the environment. However, this result should not be taken just as a reality of Turkey as a developing country, because similar results have been obtained in the studies done in other countries (see Vandermerwe and Oliff, 1990;Jansson et al, 2000) Yet, as stated by Hoffman (1999), institutional pressures resulting from environmental problems lead corporations to develop proactive strategies rather than reactive or active ones.…”

“…Deterioration of natural resources, air that is impossible to breathe, land that can no longer be cultivated and human beings who eat unhealthy food are some examples of the problems should these scenarios become 76 F. Küskü effect (Jansson et al, 2000;Banerjee, 2001). They do not care for environmental activities unless the legal liabilities or the general regulations of the sector they belong to oblige them to take action or unless they feel public pressure (Payne and Raiborn, 2001).…”

“…Corporations in the active group are the ones that have discovered that being active to protect and preserve the environment is another way of making profit (Jansson et al, 2000). Instead of feeling obliged to obey the regulations, these corporations are in search of environmentally friendly products while finding ways in which they can use this difference in terms of cost and competitiveness.…”

“…In all their functions they pay the utmost care to CEC activities and also try to find opportunities through environmental activities for their business (Jansson et al, 2000). Mission statements and management letters for organizations in this category highlight a concern for, and focus on, the natural environment.…”

Corporate Environmental Citizenship Variation in Developing Countries: An Institutional Framework

“…Evaluation of environmental expenses a Variables included in those dimensions have been adapted from the findings of the previous researches such as Vanderwerwe and Oliff (1990), Sharma and Vredenburg (1998), Sharma et al (1999), Jansson et al (2000), Quazi and O'Brien (2000), Rondinelli and Berry (2000), Steger (2000), Banerjee (2001), Florida and Davison (2001), Payne and Raiborn (2001), Rojsek (2001) (see also Küskü, 2007).…”