Environmentally benign process for benzylation of toluene to mono-benzylated toluene over highly active and stable hierarchical zeolite catalyst

Nandiwale, Kakasaheb Y.; Thakur, Pratika; Bokade, Vijay V.

doi:10.1007/s13203-014-0096-4

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…benzene, toluene, and phenol yield also products with interest in Fine Chemistry. [464][465][466][467][468] Benzylation of benzene with benzyl alcohol has been used to evaluate the catalytic activity of the hierarchical zeolite catalysts in Friedel-Craft alkylations, showing that the ZSM-5 zeolite containing mesopores exhibits a much higher catalytic activity than conventional ZSM-5. 464 Likewise, the hierarchically structured ZSM-5 zeolite has shown high catalytic activity and stability for the alkylation of phenol with isopropanol due to its shortened microporous channel and presence of mesopores.…”

Section: Chemical Specialitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

From 3D to 2D zeolite catalytic materials

et al. 2018

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Research activities and recent developments in the area of three-dimensional zeolites and their two-dimensional analogues are reviewed. Zeolites are the most important industrial heterogeneous catalysts with numerous applications. However, they suffer from limited pore sizes not allowing penetration of sterically demanding molecules to their channel systems and to active sites. We briefly highlight here the synthesis, properties and catalytic potential of three-dimensional zeolites followed by a discussion of hierarchical zeolites combining micro- and mesoporosity. The final part is devoted to two-dimensional analogues developed recently. Novel bottom-up and top-down synthetic approaches for two-dimensional zeolites, their properties, and catalytic performances are thoroughly discussed in this review.

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Section: Chemical Specialitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

From 3D to 2D zeolite catalytic materials

et al. 2018

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“…Aromatic hydrocarbons are inexpensive and abundant components of petroleum distillates and have been employed as solvents and reagents on laboratory and industrial scales. They are common starting materials for the preparation of more functionalized and higher value small molecules with applications in synthesis, materials science, and pharmaceutical chemistry. , Inspired by the challenge of conversion of simple aromatic hydrocarbons into valuable synthetic building blocks, chemists have focused on transition metal-promoted C–H functionalizations of aromatic hydrocarbons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cation−π Interactions in the Benzylic Arylation of Toluenes with Bimetallic Catalysts

Sha

Tcyrulnikov

et al. 2018

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

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A method to directly arylate toluene derivatives with aryl bromides to generate diarylmethanes, which are important building blocks in drug discovery, is described. In this method, KN(SiMe) in combination with a (NIXANTPHOS)Pd catalyst accomplished the deprotonative activation of toluene derivatives to permit cross-coupling with aryl bromides. Good to excellent yields are obtained with a range of electron-rich to neutral aryl bromides. Both electron-rich and electron-poor toluene derivatives are well tolerated, and even 2-chlorotoluene performs well, providing a platform for introduction of additional functionalization. This discovery hinges on the use of a main group metal to activate toluene for deprotonation by means of a cation-π interaction, which is secured by a bimetallic K(NIXANTPHOS)Pd assembly. Mechanistic and computational studies support acidification of toluene derivatives by the K-cation- π interaction, which may prove pertinent in the development of other, new reaction systems.

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“…This indicates that, the higher catalyst to FA ratio provides more catalytically active acid sites, leading to higher FA conversion and EL yield. This proportionate increase in EL yield with catalyst amount implies that, the FA ethanolysis over 15% (w/w) HPW/Meso‐HZ‐5 catalyst follows pure heterogeneous mechanism . In contrary, the same increase in catalyst to FA ratio (0.1–0.25), the EMF yield decreased from 36% to 18%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

HPW anchored Meso‐HZ‐5, a novel catalyst for selective synthesis of ethyl levulinate biofuel by alcoholysis of biomass‐derived furfuryl alcohol

Nandiwale

Pande

Bokade

2017

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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Ethanolysis of biomass derived furfuryl alcohol (FA) produces ethyl levulinate (EL), a biofuel additive and precursor for γ‐valerolactone synthesis. The present study is devoted to develop an efficient and an environmentally benign catalytic system for one‐pot conversion of FA to EL biofuel, by revealing an insight of the catalytic mechanism. The catalytic activity of H‐ZSM‐5, Meso‐HZ‐5 (desilicated H‐ZSM‐5) and different percentage H3PW12O40(HPW) anchored to Meso‐HZ‐5 catalysts have been evaluated for the FA ethanolysis. As per our knowledge, this is the first research reporting the application of HPW anchored to Meso‐HZ‐5 catalysts for the conversion of FA into EL in biomass utilization. These catalysts were synthesized and characterized by Powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD), N2 physisorption and temperature programmed NH3 desorption (TPAD). Products of FA ethanolysis viz., 4,5,5‐triethoxypentan‐2‐one (TEP), ethoxy‐methyl‐ furan (EMF), diethyl ether (DEE), EL were identified by Gas Chromatography‐Mass Spectroscopy (GC‐MS) and quantified by flame ionization detector (GC‐FID). The physicochemical properties of catalysts were found to correlate to the product distribution matrix. Moreover, influences of several process parameters such as catalyst amount, reactant molar ratio, temperature and time on the extent of FA ethanolysis were systematically investigated. Under optimized conditions, 15% (w/w) HPW/Meso‐HZ‐5 exhibited a remarkable catalytic performance with complete FA conversion (100%) along with 97% yield of EL, these activity values are superior than the previously reported studies. The present study provides an insight of the catalytic mechanism along with a potential environmental benign and the economic catalyst for the efficient synthesis of EL biofuel from the biomass‐derived FA. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 37: 1736–1742, 2018

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Environmentally benign process for benzylation of toluene to mono-benzylated toluene over highly active and stable hierarchical zeolite catalyst

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

From 3D to 2D zeolite catalytic materials

From 3D to 2D zeolite catalytic materials

Cation−π Interactions in the Benzylic Arylation of Toluenes with Bimetallic Catalysts

HPW anchored Meso‐HZ‐5, a novel catalyst for selective synthesis of ethyl levulinate biofuel by alcoholysis of biomass‐derived furfuryl alcohol

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