Environmentally Benign Microreaction Process Design by Accompanying (Simplified) Life Cycle Assessment

Huebschmann, Sabine; Kralisch, Dana; Hessel, Volker; Krtschil, Ulrich; Kompter, Christoph

doi:10.1002/ceat.200900337

Cited by 38 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…5.2.2) were calculated in the frame of a Simplified Life Cycle Analysis (SLCA). For more details, see the paper by Hübschmann et al [143] entitled "Environmentally Benign Microreaction Process Design Accompanying (Simplified) Life Cycle Assessment".…”

Section: Eco-efficiency Analysis For the Kolbe-schmitt Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Process Windows – Gate to Maximizing Process Intensification via Flow Chemistry

2009

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Driven by the economics of scale, the size of reaction vessels as the major processing apparatus of the chemical industry has became bigger and bigger [1,2]. Consequently, the efforts for ensuring mixing and heat transfer have also increased, as these are scale dependent. This has brought vessel operation to (partly severe) technical limits, especially when controlling harsh conditions, e.g., due to large heat releases. Accordingly, processing at a very large scale has resulted in taming of the chemistry involved in order to slow it down to a technically controllable level. Therefore, reaction paths that already turned out too aggressive at the laboratory scale are automatically excluded for later scale-up, which constitutes a common everyday confinement in exploiting chemical transformations. Organic chemists are barely conscious that even the small-scale laboratory protocols in their textbooks contain many slow, disciplined chemical reactions. Operations such as adding a reactant drop by drop in a large diluted solvent volume have become second nature, but are not intrinsic to the good engineering of chemical reactions. These are intrinsic to the chemical apparatus used in the past. In contrast, today's process intensification [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] and the new flow-chemistry reactors on the micro-and milli-scale allow such limitations to be overcome, and thus, enable a complete, ab-initio type rethinking of the processes themselves. In this way, space-time yields and the productivity of the reactor can be increased by orders of magnitude and other dramatic performance step changes can be achieved. A hand-in-hand design of the reactors and process re-thinking is required to enable chemistry rather than subduing chemistry around the reactor [40]. This often leads to making use of process conditions far from conventional practice, under harsh environments, a procedure named here as Novel Process Windows. Starting Point: Novel Process WindowsIntensify Rather than OptimizeThe aim of the following introductory remarks, and the paper as whole, is to make sensible -while everyone in the field would agree that microstructured reactors and micro-process technology [3-12] form a major direction within process intensification -that the exploitation of such innovation can still profit considerably by joining both concepts. It is frequently thought that the use of a microstructured reactor automatically and implicitly results in process intensification; simply because this is a major direction within process intensification and since the latter is also concerned with apparatus developments. This is only partly true and actually ignores significant chances for process breakthrough. In many investigations, the use of a microstructured reactor is still more concerned with process optimization, which is involves a slight to moderate improvement of processes using classical paths, in particular with the same or similar chemical and processing protocol. Often, the most radical and innovative step is the

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Section: Eco-efficiency Analysis For the Kolbe-schmitt Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Process Windows – Gate to Maximizing Process Intensification via Flow Chemistry

2009

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“…were attained [13]. The environmental effect of Process Intensification can be exemplified by the reduction of the Cumulative Energy Demand by a factor of 17 which was determined [15], only by increasing the corresponding flow rates from 0.02 l/h to 0.55 l/h or by shortening the required residence time from 130 s to 4 s, respectively. Correspondingly, the Global Warming Potential could be reduced even by a factor of 18 whereas the Human Toxicity Potential was reduced by a factor of 6 only due to the linear demand increase of the educts resorcinol and potassium hydrogen carbonate at increasing flow rates [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailor-made microdevices for maximizing process intensification and productivity through advanced heating

Krtschil

Hessel

Löb

et al. 2011

Chemical Engineering Journal

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“…In such "stress field" the use of a prior own-developed methodological assessment different from classical ones is preferential. "Ex ante" methodology for assessing novel process windows has been recently introduced in the EU project COPIRIDE, Figure 5 [22][23][24].…”

Section: Methodology For Novel Process Windows and Process Intensificmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ex ante evaluation is an early-bird evaluation based on environmental [22,25,26] and economical [11,27] evaluations of the chemical and engineering approach already at the very beginning of the process development. It helps to introduce the information in a more automated, validated, traceable, (11), and reliable manner.…”

Section: Methodology For Novel Process Windows and Process Intensificmentioning

confidence: 99%

From a Review of Noble Metal versus Enzyme Catalysts for Glucose Oxidation Under Conventional Conditions Towards a Process Design Analysis for Continuous-flow Operation

Dencic¹,

Meuldijk²,

Croon³

et al. 2011

J Flow Chem

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A methodology for the ex ante evaluation of different processing options is proposed. Current processes for glucose oxidation and possible improvements using microreactor technology are investigated. As twofold prime research objectives, the oxidation with noble metal catalyst versus enzymatic oxidation and the oxidation under conventional process conditions versus under Novel Process Windows are explored. Operation and design of an active and stable catalyst, reactor performance, and work-up are included. This ex ante analysis gives information of the critical aspects of a process prior to technology development and facilitates the development of new process routes; especially valuable if step and paradigm changing routes are undertaken, with even no vague idea on their performance potential and with high technological risk. The methodology used for gluconic acid production will be transferred to other chemicals which have the potential in using microreactor technology and Novel Process Windows.

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Environmentally Benign Microreaction Process Design by Accompanying (Simplified) Life Cycle Assessment

Cited by 38 publications

References 23 publications

Novel Process Windows – Gate to Maximizing Process Intensification via Flow Chemistry

Novel Process Windows – Gate to Maximizing Process Intensification via Flow Chemistry

Tailor-made microdevices for maximizing process intensification and productivity through advanced heating

From a Review of Noble Metal versus Enzyme Catalysts for Glucose Oxidation Under Conventional Conditions Towards a Process Design Analysis for Continuous-flow Operation

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