Environmental vascular risk factors: New perspectives for stroke prevention

Bernal-Pacheco, Óscar; Román, Gustavo C.

doi:10.1016/j.jns.2007.06.026

Cited by 42 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 163 publications

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“…The results support the view that vascular risk factors are important determinants of small vessel disease [1, 8, 29]. Low educational level is related to poor control of vascular risk factors [30]. Our study suggests that particularly overweight may be linked with the development of small vessel disease and associated brain lesions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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MRI-Defined Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Disease: Baseline Clinical and Neuropsychological Findings

Jokinen¹,

Kalska²,

Ylikoski

et al. 2009

Cerebrovasc Dis

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Background: Subcortical ischemic vascular disease (SIVD) is a common, but often overlooked cause of vascular cognitive impairment. Diagnostic research criteria for SIVD are based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings including substantial white matter lesions (WML) and multiple lacunar infarcts. Empirical studies validating these imaging criteria are still few. The purpose of the study was to describe the clinical and cognitive characteristics of the MRI-defined SIVD in a mixed sample of functionally independent elderly subjects with WML. Methods: The subjects of the Leukoaraiosis and Disability (LADIS) study, aged 65–84 years, underwent comprehensive clinical and neuropsychological examinations, and brain MRI at the baseline assessment. The subjects meeting the SIVD imaging criteria (n = 89) were compared to the other subjects of the sample (n = 524). Results: SIVD was associated with lower education, hypertension and, independently, with obesity. The subjects with SIVD had more often motor impairment, a history of falls, and subtle impairment in activities of daily living, but they did not differ for depressive symptoms. SIVD subjects performed significantly inferiorly in tests of global cognitive function, psychomotor speed, attention and executive functions, verbal fluency, and working memory. Conclusion: In this population of nondisabled older adults with WML, SIVD was related to specific clinical and functional characteristics. Neuropsychological features included psychomotor slowing as well as deficits in attention and executive functions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Our study suggests that particularly overweight may be linked with the development of small vessel disease and associated brain lesions. Moreover, obesity is often a marker of obstructive sleep apnea, a condition known to increase the severity of hypertension [30, 31]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MRI-Defined Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Disease: Baseline Clinical and Neuropsychological Findings

Jokinen¹,

Kalska²,

Ylikoski

et al. 2009

Cerebrovasc Dis

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“…The proportion of the population aged 65 years and over is expected to grow in the USA. Stroke might also be increasing, consequently causing extra demands and burdens on the current health care system; however, its etiology is still poorly understood [2,3]. Many epidemiological studies have shown deleterious effects of air pollution on health such as on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality [4,5,6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Ozone Exposure and Onset of Stroke in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, USA, 1994-2000

Xu¹,

Sun

Ha³

et al. 2013

Neuroepidemiology

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Background: Epidemiological studies have shown adverse short-term effects of air pollution on health including cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, air pollution-related stroke has received less attention. Methods: In this study, we performed a time-stratified case-crossover analysis to evaluate the relationships between stroke hospital admissions and O₃, among patients aged 65 years and older in Allegheny County, Pa., USA, between 1994 and 2000. We also examined whether the effects of air pollutants differed across strata defined by patient demographic characteristics and ambient temperature. Results: Exposures to O₃ on the current day increase the risk of total stroke hospitalization by 1.9% (95% CI: 0.01-3.8) per interquartile range increase in concentration. Furthermore, the results suggest that males were more sensitive to adverse health effects of O₃ on stroke hospitalization than females. Conclusion: These results suggest that O₃ has an adverse effect on stroke hospitalization. Specific patient subgroups, such as males, may be at increased risk.

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“…Recently there are increasing evidences that increased levels of CRP at the presymptomatic stage are associated with further cardiovascular and stroke risk [27,28]. Chronic infection such as periodontal disease has been associated with stroke and increased CRP levels [29]. Indices of inflammation have also been associated with atrial fibrillation [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-conventional risk factors were associated with infarct patterns in ischemic stroke

Yoon

Bang

Hong

et al. 2009

Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery

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Environmental vascular risk factors: New perspectives for stroke prevention

Cited by 42 publications

References 163 publications

MRI-Defined Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Disease: Baseline Clinical and Neuropsychological Findings

MRI-Defined Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Disease: Baseline Clinical and Neuropsychological Findings

Association between Ozone Exposure and Onset of Stroke in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, USA, 1994-2000

Non-conventional risk factors were associated with infarct patterns in ischemic stroke

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