Environmental trends and integrated management of the Gulf

Khan, Nuzrat Yar; Munawar, M.; Price, Andrew

doi:10.14321/j.ctt1tm7jkg.32

Cited by 10 publications

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“…Commonly, reference conditions are derived from: (i) comparison with an existing "pristine"site; (ii) past data and information; (iii) numerical models; and (iv) best professional judgment (Borja et al, 2004(Borja et al, , 2012Muxika et al, 2007;Forchino et al, 2011). Due to the widespread oil-related activities in the Gulf, and the likelihood of the resulting stress on the marine environment (Bishop, 2002;Khan et al, 2002;Munawar et al, 2002;Jones et al, 2007;Khan, 2007), finding pristine sites is a great challenge. The Gulf is a naturally stressed water body with high salinity and high seasonal temperature variations.…”

Section: Ambi and M-ambi And The Baseline Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, offshore areas claimed for urbanization are a major threat to the marine environment (Bishop, 2002;Khan et al, 2002;Munawar et al, 2002;Jones et al, 2007;Zainal, 2009;Loughland et al, 2012) in the Gulf. Many productive mangroves and other intertidal habitats of the western Arabian Gulf, which were important nursery grounds for fishes and shrimps, have been acquired and used for coastal infrastructure development (Loughland et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Macrobenthic Community Structure in the Northwestern Arabian Gulf, Twelve Years after the 1991 Oil Spill

et al. 2017

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The biota in the Arabian Gulf faces stress both from natural (i.e., hyper salinity and high sea surface temperature), and human (i.e., from oil-related activities) sources. The western Arabian Gulf was also impacted by world's largest oil spill (1991 Oil Spill). However, benthic research in this region is scarce and most of the studies have been conducted only in small areas. Here, we present data on macrobenthos collected during [2002][2003] from the open waters and inner bays in the northwestern Arabian Gulf aimed to assess the ecological status and also to evaluate the long-term impact, if any, of the 1991 Oil Spill. A total of 392 macrobenthic taxa with an average (±SE) species richness (S) of 71 ± 2, Shannon-Wiener species diversity (H ′ ) of 4.9 ± 0.1, and density of 3,181 ± 359 ind. m −2 was recorded from the open water stations. The open waters have "slightly disturbed" (according to AZTI's Marine Biotic Index, AMBI) conditions, with "good-high" (according to multivariate-AMBI, M-AMBI) ecological status indicating the absence of long-term impacts of the oil spill. Overall, 162 taxa were recorded from inner bays with average (±SE) values of S 41±9, H ′ 3.48 ± 0.39, and density 4,203 ± 1,042 ind. m −2 . The lower TPH (Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons) stations (LTS, TPH concentrations <70 mg kg −2 ) show relatively higher S, H' and density compared to the higher TPH stations (HTS, TPH concentrations ≥100 mg kg −2 ). In the inner bays, AMBI values indicate slightly disturbed conditions at all stations except one, which is moderately disturbed. M-AMBI values indicate good status at LTS, while, high, good, moderate, and poor status at HTS. The "moderately disturbed" conditions with "moderate-poor" ecological status in some locations of the inner bays specify a severe long-term impact of the oil spill.

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Section: Ambi and M-ambi And The Baseline Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrobenthic Community Structure in the Northwestern Arabian Gulf, Twelve Years after the 1991 Oil Spill

et al. 2017

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“…4 While rapid economic development has brought widespread prosperity to the GCC member states, augmentation was achieved at the cost of greater inequity, unemployment, intensive human rights violations and general oppression, lack of education & research, loss of cultural identity and the intense over-consumption of resources needed by future generations. Its unchecked nature has especially introduced a variety of anthropogenic stress factors which have challenged the ecological integrity and sustainability of the burgeoning population in the region (Khan et al, 2002). Despite the fact that four out of the six GCC member states are rated among the 10 most water scarce countries in the world 5 , prolonged overexploitation of fossil water reserves over the past decades threatens the remaining reserves from saltwater intrusion.…”

Section: Political Ideology In Conflict With Sustainable Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing adaptive capacity for responding to environmental change in the Arab Gulf States: Uncertainties to linking ecosystem conservation, sustainable development and society in authoritarian rentier economies

Spiess¹

2008

Global and Planetary Change

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Integrated management of pollution stress in the Gulf

Khan

2008

Protecting the Gulf’s Marine Ecosystems From Pollution

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Environmental trends and integrated management of the Gulf

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Macrobenthic Community Structure in the Northwestern Arabian Gulf, Twelve Years after the 1991 Oil Spill

Macrobenthic Community Structure in the Northwestern Arabian Gulf, Twelve Years after the 1991 Oil Spill

Developing adaptive capacity for responding to environmental change in the Arab Gulf States: Uncertainties to linking ecosystem conservation, sustainable development and society in authoritarian rentier economies

Integrated management of pollution stress in the Gulf

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