Environmental tobacco smoke and risk of respiratory cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in former smokers and never smokers in the EPIC prospective study

Víneis, Paolo; Airoldi, Luisa; Veglia, Fabrizio; Olgiati, Luca; Pastorelli, Roberta; Autrup, Herman; Dunning, Alison M.; Garte, Seymour; Gormally, Emmanuelle; Hainaut, Pierre; Malaveille, Christian; Matullo, Giuseppe; Peluso, Marco; Overvad, Kim; Tjønneland, Anne; Clavel‐Chapelon, Françoise; Boeing, Heiner; Krogh, Vittorio; Palli, Domenico; Panico, Salvatore; Tumino, Rosario; Bueno‐de‐Mesquita, Bas; Peeters, Petra H.; Berglund, Göran; Hallmans, Göran; Saracci, Rodolfo; Riboli, Elio

doi:10.1136/bmj.38327.648472.82

Cited by 252 publications

(191 citation statements)

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“…ETS has been shown to be a likely risk factor for coronary artery disease, 1 2 stroke, 3 lung cancer, 4 5 and obstructive lung disease. [5][6][7] Respiratory symptoms are associated with both personal smoking 8 9 and ETS. 10 11 Most studies on the effect of ETS on respiratory health show a higher effect of ETS at the workplace compared with ETS at home, 10 12 13 usually interpreted as a dose response effect as the level of ETS is higher at work than at home for most subjects.…”

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confidence: 99%

Decline in respiratory symptoms in service workers five months after a public smoking ban

Eagan

Hetland²,

Aarø³

2006

Tob Control

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Objective: To evaluate the effect of a total ban on smoking indoors in restaurants and other hospitality business premises in Norway, on respiratory symptoms among workers in the industry. Methods: Phone interviews with 1525 employees in the hospitality business were conducted immediately before the enacting of the law. In a follow-up study five months later, 906 of the workers from the baseline sample participated. Questions were asked on demographic variables, passive smoking exposure, personal smoking, attitudes towards the law, and five respiratory symptoms. Change in symptom prevalence was analysed with McNemar's test and with analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures. Results: The prevalence of all five symptoms declined after the ban; for morning cough from 20.6% to 16.2% (p , 0.01); for daytime cough from 23.2% to 20.9%; for phlegm cough from 15.3% to 11.8% (p , 0.05); for dyspnoea from 19.2% to 13.0% (p , 0.01); and for wheezing from 9.0% to 7.8%. ANOVA showed that the largest decline in symptom prevalence was seen among workers who themselves gave up smoking, and subjects with a positive attitude towards the law before it took effect. Conclusion: A significant decrease in respiratory symptoms among service industry workers was found five months after the enacting of a public smoking ban.

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confidence: 99%

Decline in respiratory symptoms in service workers five months after a public smoking ban

Eagan

Hetland²,

Aarø³

2006

Tob Control

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“…Results from a meta-analysis [51] and a comprehensive review [52] showed a relative risk between 1.14 to 5.20 in people who had never smoked but who lived with a smoker. A more recent study reported that passive smoking during childhood increased lung cancer risk in adulthood by 3.6 fold [53]. However, Kofahi and Haddad [37] reported that 58% of university students did not agree that secondhand smoke is a cancer risk.…”

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confidence: 96%

Knowledge and Practice towards Lung Cancer among University Students

Al-Naggar¹

2012

J Community Med Health Edu

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Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the knowledge and practice towards lung cancer among university students.Methodology: Cross-sectional study was conducted among Management and Science University students (MSU). Two hundred and thirteen students were selected randomly from all faculties. The data were collected from the lectures halls, library and university café. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 13, t-test was used for univariate analysis. Multiple linear regressions were used for multivariate analysis.Results: A total number of 213 university students participated in this study. The majority of them females, 22 years old and younger, Malays, single, from non-medical schools and with family monthly income 3000 Ringgit Malaysia (RM) and less (57.3%, 65.3%, 78.4%, 97.2%, 55.9%, 59.6%, and 66.7%; respectively). The majority of the participants mentioned that they knew about lung cancer (93%). Regarding the knowledge about risk factors towards lung cancer, they knew that the risk factors of lung cancer are: smoking (100%), eating chili and deep fried food (68.5%), air pollution (89.2%), alcohol (75.6%), occupational hazard (75.6%), passive smoking (90.1%), exercise reduce the risk of lung cancer (83.1%) and lung cancer is inherited (51.6%). Regarding the practice towards lung cancer prevention, the majority of the participants mentioned that they are not smokers neither alcohol drinkers (90.1%, 94.8%; respectively). Regarding the factors associated with knowledge about lung cancer, marital status, type of faculty, and type of semester significantly influence the knowledge of university students (p=0.014, p=0.001, p=0.028; respectively) in univariate analysis. For multivariate analysis, only types of faculty significantly influence the knowledge of the university students towards lung cancer (p=0.001). Conclusion:The university students had good knowledge about risk factors. Types of faculty significantly influence the knowledge of the university students towards lung cancer.

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“…La presencia de síntomas respiratorios también se encontró asociada a otros factores descritos en la literatura científica, como factores de riesgo para la presencia de enfermedad respiratoria en la población adulta mayor, como son la edad, el sexo (29,30), el consumo de cigarrillo (31,32), la humedad en la vivienda (33)(34)(35)(36), la condición socioeconómica (37)(38)(39)(40), la afiliación a la seguridad social, la presencia de enfermedades concomitantes y otras fuentes de contaminación atmosférica como la ocupacional (41,42) y la cercanía a cultivos de caña de azúcar, que son quemados para su cosecha (43).…”

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Impacto de un sitio de disposición final de residuos sólidos en la salud respiratoria de los adultos mayores

2011

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Introducción. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el impacto de un sitio de disposición final de residuos sólidos sobre la salud respiratoria de adultos mayores de 50 años, residentes en su área de influencia. Materiales y métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio de cohortes que incluyó un grupo de 313 adultos mayores de 50 años expuestos al Botadero de Navarro y otro de 359 no expuestos, seguidos durante seis meses, para comparar la incidencia mensual de síntomas respiratorios y alteraciones en el flujo espiratorio pico. Resultados. Después de ajustar por edad, sexo, escolaridad, humedad, afiliación a salud, enfermedades concomitantes, tabaquismo y exposición ocupacional previa, la exposición al Botadero de Navarro se asoció con la presencia de uno o más síntomas respiratorios (OR=1,25; IC 95% : 1,01-1,56), síntomas respiratorios moderados (OR=1,28; IC 95% : 0,98-1,66), pero no se encontró asociación con síntomas respiratorios graves (OR= 1,16; IC 95% : 0,89-1,50). Se evidenció una mayor recurrencia de síntomas en los adultos de la zona expuesta (coeficiente de correlación=0,29, IC 95% : 0,23-0,33, p=0,000). En los adultos expuestos al Botadero de Navarro, se encontró en la función pulmonar una reducción significativa del flujo espiratorio pico (-15,19 L/minuto; IC 95% : -30,16-0,22). Conclusión. Este estudio muestra que, independientemente de los potenciales factores de confusión, la salud respiratoria de los adultos mayores de 50 años expuestos al Botadero de Navarro está afectada con una mayor presencia y cronicidad de síntomas respiratorios moderados y una disminución de la función pulmonar.Palabras clave: eliminación de residuos sólidos, contaminación ambiental, botaderos a cielo abierto, sistema respiratorio, anciano. Impact of a waste disposal site on adult respiratory healthIntroduction. This study evaluated the impact of the presence of a dump on respiratory health in adults older than 50 years of age, living in its area of influence. Materials and methods. A cohort study was conducted with 313 adults older than 50 years of age living near the Navarro Dump (Cali, Colombia) and compared with 359 adults in an unexposed area. Each was examined monthly during a 6 month period to compare the incidence of respiratory symptoms and alterations in peak expiratory flow. Results. Exposure to the Navarro Dump was associated with occurrence of respiratory symptoms (odds ratio=1.25, 95% C.I. 1.01-1.56), in particular with mild respiratory symptoms (odds ratio=1.28, 95% C.I. 0.98-1.66). This result was obtained after adjusting for age, sex, education level, humidity, health insurance, comorbidity, smoking and previous occupational exposure. A higher recurrence of symptoms was found in adults in the area of exposure (correlation coefficient=0.29, 95% C.I. 0.23-0.33, p<0.001) and a significant reduction in the lung function defined by peak expiratory flow; the average decrease was15.2 L/min (95% C.I. -30.2 to +0.22). Conclusion. Independent of potential confounding factors, the respiratory health of adults exposed to th...

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Environmental tobacco smoke and risk of respiratory cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in former smokers and never smokers in the EPIC prospective study

Abstract: Objectives To investigate the association between environmental tobacco smoke, plasma cotinine concentration, and respiratory cancer or death.

Cited by 252 publications

References 10 publications

Decline in respiratory symptoms in service workers five months after a public smoking ban

Decline in respiratory symptoms in service workers five months after a public smoking ban

Knowledge and Practice towards Lung Cancer among University Students

Impacto de un sitio de disposición final de residuos sólidos en la salud respiratoria de los adultos mayores

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