Environmental Study on a Coastal River of Bangladesh with Reference to Irrigation Water Quality Assessment: A Case Study on Shailmari River, Khulna

Abstract

Water quality is the critical environmental determinant that influences the agricultural production and therefore, the economy that solely depends on its agricultural productions. Batiaghata Upazilla is one of the major crop productive areas of Khulna region and the agricultural production here largely depends on the natural water of the Shailmari River system around it. The present study was conducted to assess the suitability of this coastal river water for irrigational use. 66 water samples were collected during this study in three consecutive agricultural seasons, viz., pre-monsoon (22), monsoon (22) and post-monsoon (22) from 11 sampling stations within the river system considering the high (11) and ebb (11) tides for each station. Standard methods were followed throughout the study period for the collection of the samples and analysis of major physicochemical parameters (pH, EC, TDS, salinity, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Cl, HCO 3 , SO 4 , NO 3 and PO 4 ). Hydrocehmical characterization using Piper trilinear diagram shows that the water of the river system is Na-Cl dominated saline water type in pre-monsoon, whilst most of the samples of the river and the connected channel are characterized as fresh water of Ca-Mg-Na-HCO 3 and Ca-Na-Mg-HCO 3 types in monsoon and post-monsoon respectively. The calculated values of chemical indices like SAR, %Na, KI, PI and MH using the results of the analysed parameters indicate that the river water is chemically unsuitable for use in irrigation during pre-monsoon, while in the monsoon and post-monsoon the river water is within good to permissible limit for the use in the agricultural fields. However,

Assessment of the Physicochemical Quality of Irrigation Water and Soil for Sustainable Irrigated Rice Cultivation: Case of Irrigated Perimeter of M’Bahiakro (Central-East of Côte d’Ivoire)

“…Thus, these irrigation waters fall into the category of "water of excellent quality, with low risk of alkalinization". These SAR results for the N'Zi River corroborate those obtained by [28]. In addition, by associating the EC with the SAR, the waters of the N'Zi River are divided into two classes: C1S1 and C2S1 corresponding respectively to water of low and medium salinity.…”

Spatiotemporal variation of irrigation water quality at Bochessa Watershed in Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia

“…Hence, the evaluation of its quality across time and location is critical to use the available water resources in an efficient manner. Abel et al (2011), Reddy (2013) and Islam et al (2016) reported that the variability of water quality can pose management challenges in irrigated fields. Thus gathering reliable information on trends of water quality is essential to design appropriate farm management practices.…”

“…Thus gathering reliable information on trends of water quality is essential to design appropriate farm management practices. Tessema et al (2014), Abay et al (2016), Islam et al (2016), Nag and Suchetana (2016) and Husien et al (2017) suggested that knowledge on irrigation water quality will help a lot during the development of strategies for farm management practices. Some works on irrigation water quality evaluation were done in the present study area (Mesfin, 2001;Halcrow, 2008;Pascual-Ferrer et al, 2014;Abay et al, 2016;Hadera, 2018).…”

Assessment of Groundwater Quality in a Tidal River Basin of the Ganges Delta in Bangladesh

“…In developing countries, anthropogenic factors, geological structure and mineralogy of both watersheds and aquifers play a substantial role in controlling the ground water quality (Drever, 1988;Apello & Postma, 2005;Bahar & Reza, 2010). Being an agro based country, Bangladesh possesses 5,049,785 ha agro-arable land which depends on adequate water supply from both groundwater (80.60%) and surface water (19.40%) of usable quality (Shahid et al, 2006;Hasan et al, 2007;Vyas and Jethoo, 2015;Islam et al, 2016). Usually, ground water is a critical concern in coastal Bangladesh as the people in this region are highly reliant on it for sustaining their livelihoods (Hasan et al, 2013).…”

“…Therefore, befitting ground water sources can provide guarantee for the safe water both for domestic uses and irrigation practices. Studies on the surface water quality of Shailmari River System of this area has been already done, but information on ground water is unrevealed yet (Islam et al, 2016). Hence, a detailed investigation of shallow and deep tubewells along the bank of Shailmari River connected with Rupsha-Kazibacha River system could be a very realistic study to assess the quality of groundwater through hydro-chemical investigation and water quality indexing.…”