Environmental signal propagation in sedimentary systems across timescales

Romans, Brian W.; Castelltort, Sébastien; Covault, Jacob A.; Fildani, Andrea; Walsh, J. P.

doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2015.07.012

Cited by 426 publications

(348 citation statements)

References 217 publications

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“…It is not our intention here to review each type of sediment signal propagation (see Romans et al, 2016 and references therein), but rather to discuss the likely overarching influence source catchment morphology has on sediment signal propagation into the terrestrial sink. A large terrestrial sink fed by smaller but all significantly contributing source catchments may receive a different sediment discharge signal from different contributing source catchment characteristics because of variations in their morphology, climate, outlet spacing and lithology (Figs.…”

Section: Source Catchment Influence On the Terrestrial Sinkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22). Furthermore, the terrestrial sink is often understated even though it plays a vital role in understanding the dynamics of sedimentary delivery to the marine environment (see Van Den Driessche, 2003, Simpson andCastelltort, 2012;Romans et al, 2016).…”

Section: Source Catchment Influence On the Terrestrial Sinkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Otherwise the system enters a reactive, buffered or transient state that will influence the cumulative and temporal response of sediment discharge downstream. Ultimately, sediment signal propagation will depend on the timescales of tectonic and climatic perturbations influencing sediment discharge and the capacity of a system to response to those changes (Blum and Hattier-Womack, 2009;Romans et al, 2016).…”

Section: Source Catchment Influence On the Terrestrial Sinkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The terrestrial sink or modern terrestrial sedimentary basin represents areas of Earth's surface that are undergoing subsidence and creating accommodation space for potential sediment preservation (Jervey, 1988;Blum and Tornqvist, 2000;Romans et al, 2016). Given that the sedimentary rock record is a history of only the preserved depositional record (Miall, 2014), distinguishing modern terrestrial sinks from their erosional counterpart, and understanding the spatial and temporal coupling between the two, is an important factor in applying geomorphological observations of the present to the past (Davidson et al, 2013;Helland-Hansen et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The distribution of rivers to terrestrial sinks: Implications for sediment routing systems

2018

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Empirical observations used to constrain controls on large global modern river systems typically use catchment delineations depicting drainage patterns of rivers to oceans. A key component in the spatial and temporal discharge of sediment to oceans are terrestrial sinks that act as buffers and sequestrate sediment and nutrients along its route, however, a global catchment model depicting the drainage patterns of rivers to terrestrial sinks does not currently exist. We propose a new global terrestrial sink catchment (GTSC) database that delineates the distribution of high-resolution global river networks in relation to mapped modern terrestrial sinks. The results show a distinct set of characteristics defining the morphology, climate, lithology and sediment discharge of source catchments contributing to terrestrial sinks by tectonic regime. Foreland, intracratonic, extensional and strike-slip tectonic regimes are characterized by small, numerous, densely spaced and wide source catchments where the largest source catchment contributes on average 50%, 43%, 36% and 36%, respectively, of the total suspended sediment load. Forearc and passive margin tectonic regimes are characterized by few, large source catchments where the largest source catchment contributes on average 64% and 63% of the total suspended sediment load. In contrast to forearc and passive margin settings, foreland, intracratonic, extensional and strike-slip settings show source catchments with a range of lithologies and a dominance of seasonal climates, which will likely increase along-strike variability in sediment discharge to their terrestrial sink. The variability of along-strike sediment discharge, sediment composition and source-derived perturbations in sediment discharge to the terrestrial sink will influence the sediments stored and propagation of sediment discharge signals. On geological timescales, marine sedimentary successions and the sediment routing system, likely represents the characteristics of remobilized terrestrial sink sediments during millennial scale perturbations in water discharge. The GTSC database provides a valuable resource to further our quantitative understanding on the role of the terrestrial sink on the broader sediment routing system.

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Section: Source Catchment Influence On the Terrestrial Sinkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Source Catchment Influence On the Terrestrial Sinkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Source Catchment Influence On the Terrestrial Sinkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The distribution of rivers to terrestrial sinks: Implications for sediment routing systems

2018

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“…The height of the levee above the canyon also likely prevents smaller, more frequent 623 events triggered by storm or wave activity from depositing at the core site. Storm and wave activity 624 could be considered a separate environmental signal and may mask the longer-term sea level signal 625 (Romans et al, 2015). 626…”

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confidence: 99%

Different frequencies and triggers of canyon filling and flushing events in Nazaré Canyon, offshore Portugal

et al. 2016

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8Submarine canyons are one of the most important pathways for sediment transport into ocean 9 basins. For this reason, understanding canyon architecture and sedimentary processes has 10 importance for sediment budgets, carbon cycling, and geohazard assessment. Despite increasing 11 knowledge of turbidity current triggers, the down-canyon variability in turbidity current frequency 12 within most canyon systems is not well constrained. New AMS radiocarbon chronologies from 13 canyon sediment cores illustrate significant variability in turbidity current frequency within Nazaré 14 Canyon through time. Generalised linear models and Cox proportional hazards models indicate a 15 strong influence of global sea level on the frequency of turbidity currents within the canyon. 16Radiocarbon chronologies from basin sediment cores indicate that larger, canyon-flushing turbidity 17 currents reaching the Iberian Abyssal Plain have a significantly longer average recurrence interval 18 than turbidity currents that fill the canyon. The recurrence intervals of these larger turbidity currents 19 also appear to be unaffected by long-term changes in global sea level. This indicates that the factors 20 triggering, and thus controlling, the frequency of canyon-flushing and canyon-filling events are very 21 different. Canyon-filling appears to be predominantly controlled by sediment instability during sea 22 level lowstand and by storm and nepheloid transport during the present day highstand. Canyon-23 flushing exhibits time-independent behaviour. This indicates that a temporally random process, or 24 summation of non-random processes that cannot be discerned from a random signal, are triggering 25 canyon flushing events. 26

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Deglaciation and glacial erosion: A joint control on magma productivity by continental unloading

Sternai

Caricchi

Castelltort

et al. 2016

Geophysical Research Letters

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Glacial‐interglacial cycles affect the processes through which water and rocks are redistributed across the Earth's surface, thereby linking the solid Earth and climate dynamics. Regional and global scale studies suggest that continental lithospheric unloading due to ice melting during the transition to interglacials leads to increased continental magmatic, volcanic, and degassing activity. Such a climatic forcing on the melting of the Earth's interior, however, has always been evaluated regardless of continental unloading by glacial erosion, albeit the density of rock exceeds that of ice by approximately 3 times. Here we present and discuss numerical results involving synthetic but realistic topographies, ice caps, and glacial erosion rates suggesting that erosion may be as important as deglaciation in affecting continental unloading. Our study represents an additional step toward a more general understanding of the links between a changing climate, glacial processes, and the melting of the solid Earth.

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Environmental signal propagation in sedimentary systems across timescales

Abstract: 15Earth-surface processes operate across erosionally dominated landscapes and 16 deliver sediment to depositional systems that can be preserved over a range of timescales. 17

Cited by 426 publications

References 217 publications

The distribution of rivers to terrestrial sinks: Implications for sediment routing systems

The distribution of rivers to terrestrial sinks: Implications for sediment routing systems

Different frequencies and triggers of canyon filling and flushing events in Nazaré Canyon, offshore Portugal

Deglaciation and glacial erosion: A joint control on magma productivity by continental unloading

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