Environmental RNA interference

Whangbo, Jennifer; Hunter, Craig P.

doi:10.1016/j.tig.2008.03.007

Cited by 229 publications

(210 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…For the purpose of clarity, nomenclature for the three types of RNAi response outlined in this article will be defined according to Whangbo and Hunter (2008) and is illustrated in Figure 1: (i) cell-autonomous RNAi, in which RNA silencing is restricted within cells where dsRNA is constitutively expressed or has been exogenously introduced; (ii) environmental RNAi, which involves uptake of dsRNA by midgut cells from the lumen; and (iii) systemic RNAi, where RNAi spreads from cells in which the dsRNA was originally produced or imported to other cells in which silencing consequently occurs.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Dsrna Uptake and Spreadmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first mechanism involves the presence of two transmembrane proteins, SID-1 and SID-2, responsible for dsRNA transport. SID-1 functions in systemic spreading of RNAi by serving as a channel for dsRNA uptake and release among cells (Jose and Hunter, 2007;Winston et al, 2002), while SID-2 is a gut-specific transmembrane protein required for initial import of dsRNA into intestinal cells (Whangbo and Hunter, 2008;Winston et al, 2007Winston et al, , 2002. The second mechanism implicates involvement of receptor-mediated endocytosis in dsRNA uptake.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Dsrna Uptake and Spreadmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diet-delivered RNAi in Helicoverpa armigera – Progresses and challenges

Lim

Robinson

Jain

et al. 2016

Journal of Insect Physiology

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Section: Mechanism Of Dsrna Uptake and Spreadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanism Of Dsrna Uptake and Spreadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet-delivered RNAi in Helicoverpa armigera – Progresses and challenges

Lim

Robinson

Jain

et al. 2016

Journal of Insect Physiology

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“…95,96,97 The proteins Sid-1 and Sid-2 are major effectors in this phenomenon. Sid-1 is a conserved multipass transmembrane protein and has homologs even in mammals.…”

Section: Required Amount Of Mirnas For Biological Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is supposed to operate as a dsRNA channel. 97,98 Sid-2 is a single-pass transmembrane protein which is located at the luminal membrane of the intestine, 99 and is also involved in the absorption of ingested ds RNA. 100 According to the current working hypothesis, Sid-2 binds long dsRNA first for endocytosis then the dsRNA is presented to Sid-1.…”

Section: Required Amount Of Mirnas For Biological Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential relevance of microRNAs in inter-species epigenetic communication, and implications for disease pathogenesis

et al. 2016

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MicroRNAs are short non-protein coding RNA molecules involved in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Recently, extracellular microRNAs have been described in body fluids that might enable epigenetic communication between distant tissues. Being highly conserved molecules, exogenous xenomicroRNAs from different species could affect gene expression in the host even in a cross-kingdom fashion. Several data underline the relevance of microRNA-mediated communication between virus and host, and there are some experimental data showing that plant-or animal-derived dietary microRNAs might have gene expression modulating activity in humans. Milk-derived microRNAs might be involved in the "epigenetic priming" of the baby. Exogenous microRNAs might be hypothesized to be implicated in disease pathogenesis, e.g. in tumors. Major questions remain to be addressed including the amount of xeno-microRNAs needed for biological action or routes for microRNA delivery. In this brief review, experimental data and hypotheses on the potential pathogenic inter-species relevance of microRNA are presented.Abbreviations: AGO2, Argonaute-2 protein; dsRNA, double stranded RNA; FoxO1, forkhead box class O1A; FOXP3, forkhead box P3; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein; LDLRAP1, low-density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1; miRNA, miR, microRNA; mTORC1, mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1; premiRNA, precursor microRNA; pri-miRNA, primary microRNA; RISC, RNA-induced silencing complex; RUNX2, runt related transcription factor 2; siRNA, small interfering RNA; TCF7, transcription factor 7; TLR, Toll-like receptor; Treg, regulatory T-cell; ZEB1, zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1

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“…The siRNAs are then incorporated into RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which then drives the degradation or translational inhibition of the target mRNA that results to gene silencing. This silencing signal may spread among the cells and different tissues, leading to systemic gene silencing in the whole organism [13]. The mechanism of RNAi in ticks has not been fully elucidated, but the study of Kurscheid et al [14] revealed that several components of RNAi machinery in other invertebrates are also present in the ticks, and they proposed a putative tick RNAi pathway.…”

Section: Rnai Pathway In Ticksmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNA Interference – A Powerful Functional Analysis Tool for Studying Tick Biology and its Control

Galay¹,

Umemiya‐Shirafuji²,

MasamiMochizuki³

et al. 2016

RNA Interference

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Ticks (Acari: Ixodida) are blood-sucking arthropods globally recognized as vectors of numerous diseases. They are primarily responsible for the transmission of various pathogens, including viruses, rickettsiae, and blood parasites of animals. Ticks are second to mosquitoes in terms of disease transmission to humans. The continuous emergence of tick-borne diseases and acaricide resistance of ticks necessitates the development of new and more effective control agents and strategies; therefore, understanding of different aspects of tick biology and their interaction with pathogens is very crucial in developing effective control strategies. RNA interference (RNAi) has been widely used in the area of tick research as a versatile reverse genetic tool to elucidate the functions of various tick proteins. During the past decade, numerous studies on ticks utilized RNAi to evaluate potentially key tick proteins involved in blood feeding, reproduction, evasion of host immune response, interaction with pathogens, and pathogen transmission that may be targeted for tick and pathogen control. This chapter reviewed the application of RNAi in tick research over the past decade, focusing on the impact of this technique in the advancement of knowledge on tick and pathogen biology.

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Environmental RNA interference

Cited by 229 publications

References 64 publications

Diet-delivered RNAi in Helicoverpa armigera – Progresses and challenges

Diet-delivered RNAi in Helicoverpa armigera – Progresses and challenges

Potential relevance of microRNAs in inter-species epigenetic communication, and implications for disease pathogenesis

RNA Interference – A Powerful Functional Analysis Tool for Studying Tick Biology and its Control

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