Environmental risk factors in systemic sclerosis

Dospinescu, Paula; Jones, Gareth T; Basu, Neil

doi:10.1097/bor.0b013e32835cfc2d

Cited by 32 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Moreover, the low concordance rate among monozygotic twins (4.2%) (Feghali‐Bostwick et al , ) highlights the important role played by environmental factors. Occupational exposure to silica and organic solvents has been reported to be implicated in SSc pathogenesis (Dospinescu et al , ; Marie et al , ). Different epigenetic changes have also been implicated in SSc pathophysiology (Broen et al , ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The spectrum of orofacial manifestations in systemic sclerosis: a challenging management

et al. 2016

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Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare multisystem connective tissue disorder characterized by the triad fibrosis, vasculopathy and immune dysregulation. This chronic disease has a significant impact on the orofacial region that is involved in more than two-thirds of the cases. SSc patients can show a wide array of oral manifestations, which are usually associated with a severe impairment of the quality of life. They often present a decreased the salivary flow and a reduced mouth opening that contribute substantially to the worsening of the oral health status. Therefore, SSc patients require specific and multidisciplinary interventions that should be initiated as early as possible. The identification of specific radiological and clinical signs at the early stage will improve the management of such patients. This study reviews the wide spectrum of orofacial manifestations associated with SSc and suggests clues for the oral management that remains challenging.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The spectrum of orofacial manifestations in systemic sclerosis: a challenging management

et al. 2016

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“…For example, vinyl chloride, silica dust, and chemicals including trichloroethene and epoxy resins can cause systemic sclerosis, one of the typical generalized autoimmune diseases that occur with certain frequencies in exposed populations. Unlike occupational allergies, autoimmune diseases caused by occupational and environmental substances seem to be the result of disruption of the human immune system caused by these substances [12][13][14][15]. Additionally, there are many cancers caused by occupational and environmental substances such as lung cancers due to asbestos, tobacco smoke, certain metals including arsenic, chromium, nickel and beryllium, bladder cancer caused by benzidine, β-naphthylamine and other aromatic hydrocarbons, and others [16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Occupational and Environmental Substances That Affect The Humentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of Various Lymphocytes by Particulate and Fibrous Substances

Kumagai-Τakei¹,

Lee²,

Matsuzaki³

et al. 2019

Lymphocytes

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Various occupational and environmental substances alter the cellular and molecular function of the human lymphoid system. For example, silicosis patients who have been chronically exposed to silica particles often complicate with autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic sclerosis. From our investigations, silica particles affect CD4+ responder T cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs), which results in the disruption of autoimmunity. Asbestos fibers are a type of mineral silicate, and patients exposed to asbestos fibers revealed cancers such as mesothelioma and lung cancer. In these cases, asbestos fibers may reduce antitumor immunity. Our results investigating the effect of asbestos on cytotoxic T lymphocyte, natural killer (NK) cells, CD4+ cells, and Tregs revealed a reduction in antitumor immunity. To date, the effects of silica and asbestos on Th17 cells and antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells and macrophages remain unclear. Based on these findings, it will be possible to generate earlier detection methods to identify the occurrence of immune alterations in silicosis as well as the appearance of a decreased antitumor immunity in asbestos-exposed populations. Additionally, research efforts should also be directed at discovering and identifying physiological substances from foods, plants, and other sources that can restore the immune status in people exposed to particulate and fibrous substances.

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“…A LTHOUGH NEITHER THE etiology of PBC nor that of SSc has yet been elucidated, studies have been conducted to determine the involvement of genetic, immunological, environmental and other factors. 2,[25][26][27][28][29][30] Meanwhile, limited findings have been reported regarding the etiology of combined PBC-SSc, including a higher expression level of T-cell receptor beta chain variable region 3 on CD8 + T cells and a higher prevalence of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR9 expression in patients with combined PBC-SSc than in patients with either disorder. 31,32 Genetic factors that have been identified in both disorders include HLA-DRB1, DQA1, DRB1, interferonregulatory factor 5 (IRF5) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4).…”

Section: Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiology and recent findings of primary biliary cirrhosis complicated by systemic sclerosis

Ohira

Watanabe

2014

Hepatology Research

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Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) can be complicated by systemic sclerosis (SSc) and, more specifically, limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc), which was previously called CREST syndrome. Moreover, combined PBC and SSc has been described in many case reports. Although neither the etiology of PBC nor that of SSc has been elucidated, some genetic and immunological factors are known to be shared. Both disorders are autoimmune fibrotic diseases characterized by increased levels of profibrotic cytokines transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) and interleukin-6, which have recently been suggested to influence T-helper 17 cells and regulatory T cells involved in acquired immunity. lcSSc is accompanied by CREST symptoms, although complete CREST cases are rare, with relatively high prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon, sclerodactyly and telangiectasia, and lower prevalence of calcinosis and esophageal dysmotility. Because patients with anticentromere antibody positive PBC-SSc are at a high risk of developing portal hypertension, particular attention should be paid to the management of gastroesophageal varices. In addition, the management of SSc-related non-hepatic disorders, such as pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, heart disorder, infection and malignancy, is also important for improved outcomes. Because PBC is often complicated by rheumatic disease, hepatologists should keep the possibility of systemic disorder in mind when examining PBC patients.

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Environmental risk factors in systemic sclerosis

Cited by 32 publications

References 26 publications

The spectrum of orofacial manifestations in systemic sclerosis: a challenging management

The spectrum of orofacial manifestations in systemic sclerosis: a challenging management

Alteration of Various Lymphocytes by Particulate and Fibrous Substances

Pathophysiology and recent findings of primary biliary cirrhosis complicated by systemic sclerosis

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