Environmental Remediation Applications of Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene Oxide: Adsorption and Catalysis

Wang, Yanqing; Pan, Can; Chu, Wei; Vipin, Adavan Kiliyankil; Sun, Ling

doi:10.3390/nano9030439

Cited by 131 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 164 publications

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“…The CNT- and graphene-modified electrodes were superior to the untreated carbon felt electrodes. Wang et al indicated that CNTs exhibited high adsorption capacities [7]. Dhand et al added CNTs to a PVDF membrane and the contact angle decreased from 103.6° to 88° [25].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, they can assist in electron transfer. Wang et al indicated that the adsorption capacity of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was higher than that of activated carbon (AC) and that the surfaces of CNTs promoted the adsorption of hydrocarbons; therefore, they were suitable for treating contaminants [7]. Graphene has a hexagonal honeycomb lattice arrangement (single-layer 2D crystal film) formed from carbon atoms in the sp 2 orbital.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of Graphene and Carbon Nanotubes on Carbon Felt Electrodes for the Electro-Fenton System

Wang

Lin

2019

Materials

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The electro-Fenton system has the ability to degrade wastewater and has received attention from many researchers. Currently, the core development objective is to effectively increase the degraded wastewater decolorization efficiency in the system. In this study, to improve the electro-Fenton system reaction rate and overall electrical properties, we used polyvinylidene difluoride to fix carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene onto the system cathode (carbon felt electrode), which was then used to process Reactive Black 5 wastewater. Furthermore, we (1) used scanning electron microscopy to observe the structural changes in the electrode surface after modification; (2) used the Tafel curve to determine the electrode corrosion voltage and corrosion rate; and (3) analyzed the azo-dye decolorization level. The results showed that the maximum system decolorization rates of the CNT- and graphene-modified carbon felt electrodes were 55.3% and 70.1%, respectively. These rates were, respectively, 1.2 and 1.5 times higher than that of the unmodified carbon felt electrode, implying that we successfully improved the cathode characteristics. The modified electrode exhibited an improved conductivity and corrosion resistance, which, in turn, improved the system decolorization efficiency. This significantly increased the electro-Fenton system overall efficacy, making it valuable for future applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Graphene and Carbon Nanotubes on Carbon Felt Electrodes for the Electro-Fenton System

Wang

Lin

2019

Materials

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“…For example, graphene oxide (GO) has been verified; it has a large specific surface area, and there are various oxidizing functional groups (e.g., hydroxyl, carboxyl, and epoxy) in its structure. Additionally, it exhibits good dispersibility and an excellent adsorption force in water [27,28]. The most significant technical challenge of applying GO for adsorption is the difficulty of solid-liquid separation after adsorption; the separation is performed with ultrahigh-speed centrifuges, but it takes a long time to collect the GO, which is highly dispersed in water [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption Performance for Reactive Blue 221 Dye of β-Chitosan/Polyamine Functionalized Graphene Oxide Hybrid Adsorbent with High Acid–Alkali Resistance Stability in Different Acid–Alkaline Environments

Chiu

Lin

et al. 2020

Nanomaterials

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A hybrid material obtained by blending β-chitosan (CS) with triethylenetetramine-functionalized graphene oxide (TFGO) (CSGO), was used as an adsorbent for a reactive dye (C.I. Reactive Blue 221 Dye, RB221), and the adsorption and removal performances of unmodified CS and mix-modified CSGO were investigated and compared systematically at different pH values (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12). The adsorption capacities of CS and CSGO were 45.5 and 56.1 mg/g, respectively, at a pH of 2 and 5.4 and 37.2 mg/g, respectively, at a pH of 12. This indicates that TFGO was successfully introduced into CSGO, enabling π–π interactions and electrostatic attraction with the dye molecules. Additionally, benzene ring-shaped GO exhibited a high surface chemical stability, which was conducive to maintaining the stability of the acid and alkali resistance of the CSGO adsorbent. The RB221 adsorption performance of CS and CSGO at acidic condition (pH 3) and alkaline condition (pH 12) and different temperatures was investigated by calculating the adsorption kinetics and isotherms of adsorbents. Overall, the adsorption efficiency of CSGO was superior to that of CS; thus, CSGO is promising for the treatment of dye effluents in a wide pH range.

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“…These properties are mainly originated by their low-dimensionality (1D, 2D) and high surface-to-volume ratio as well as their π-conjugated surface [8], which have propelled their incorporation into a wide range of functional systems where they usually play a central role. The usage of these nanostructures commonly takes advantage of one or more of the Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 614 2 of 13 different properties they possess, for instance, as nanometric supports for heterogeneous catalysts [9][10][11], optical or electrochemical transducers in sensors and biosensors [12][13][14][15], mechanical reinforcement or electrical percolation modulation in polymer nanocomposites [16][17][18][19][20], nanoscale-enhanced radiosensitization and drug delivery in cancer therapy and tumor bioimaging [21][22][23], among others. However, in order to provide them with the additional features required for a particular purpose (catalytic activity, ion recognition, stimuli responsiveness, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of pH-Responsiveness in Graphene Oxide Grafted with Poly-DEAEMA via Tailored Functionalization

et al. 2020

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Polymer-grafted nanomaterials based on carbon allotropes and their derivatives (graphene oxide (GO), etc.) are typically prepared by successive reaction stages that depend upon the initial functionalities in the nanostructure and the polymerization type needed for grafting. However, due to the multiple variables involved in the functionalization steps, it is commonly difficult to predict the properties in the final product and to correlate the material history with its final performance. In this work, we explored the steps needed to graft the carboxylic acid moieties in GO (COOH@GO) with a pH-sensitive polymer, poly[2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (poly[DEAEMA]), varying the reactant ratios at each stage prior to polymerization. We studied the combinatorial relationship between these variables and the behavior of the novel grafted material GO-g-poly[DEAEMA], in terms of swelling ratio vs. pH (%Q) in solid specimens and potentiometric response vs. Log[H+] in a solid-state sensor format. We first introduced N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS)-ester moieties at the –COOH groups (GO-g-NHS) by a classical activation with N-ethyl-N′-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC). Then, we substituted the NHS-ester groups by polymerizable amide-linked acrylic moieties using 2-aminoethyl methacrylate (AEMA) at different ratios to finally introduce the polymer chains via radical polymerization in an excess of DEAEMA monomer. We found correlated trends in swelling pH range, interval of maximum and minimum swelling values, response in potentiometry and potentiometric linear range vs. Log[H+] and could establish their relationship with the combinatorial stoichiometries in synthetic stages.

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Environmental Remediation Applications of Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene Oxide: Adsorption and Catalysis

Cited by 131 publications

References 164 publications

Application of Graphene and Carbon Nanotubes on Carbon Felt Electrodes for the Electro-Fenton System

Application of Graphene and Carbon Nanotubes on Carbon Felt Electrodes for the Electro-Fenton System

Adsorption Performance for Reactive Blue 221 Dye of β-Chitosan/Polyamine Functionalized Graphene Oxide Hybrid Adsorbent with High Acid–Alkali Resistance Stability in Different Acid–Alkaline Environments

Control of pH-Responsiveness in Graphene Oxide Grafted with Poly-DEAEMA via Tailored Functionalization

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