Environmental Radioactivity Monitoring and Measurements: Radon and Thoron

Janik, Mirosław

doi:10.3390/ijerph19159276

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…It is very active and soluble in both water and organic materials, and it can be utilized as a tracer for geochemical, geophysical, and geological studies [1][2][3]. However, radon, which is exhaled either directly or indirectly from the surface of soil, water, building materials, rocks, etc., may be harmful to human health if inhaled over a long period of time [4][5][6][7][8]. According to WHO epidemiological surveys, radon is the second leading cause of lung cancer in people, following smoking [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel method to simulate radon exhalation rate with a solid Rn-222 source

Li,

Fan,

Liu

et al. 2024

J. Inst.

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Radon exhaled from rocks, building materials, and soil can be harmful to human health, so it is necessary to measure radon and its exhalation rate. In this paper, a novel method is proposed to simulate radon exhalation from different medium surface by using a solid Rn-222 source, and the radon exhalation rate can be adjusted by replacing radon accumulation chambers with different bottom areas. Firstly, an experiment was done to determine the activity of the Rn-222 source, and then the theoretical radon exhalation rate can be quickly calculated from the relationship between the radon source activity and the bottom area of the radon accumulation chamber. Three sets of comparative experiments were conducted using two radon accumulation chambers with different volumes, respectively. Comparing the average values obtained from the experiments with the calculated theoretical values, it can be obtained that the differences corresponding to the two radon accumulation chambers between the theoretical radon exhalation rates and the experimentally average values are all within 6%. Without replacing the radon source, the radon exhalation rate is inversely varies with the bottom area of the chamber. Therefore, the correctness of adjusting the radon exhalation rate by replacing radon accumulation chambers with different bottom areas to simulate radon exhalation from different media surfaces is verified. This method can be used to calibrate the radon exhalation measuring instruments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel method to simulate radon exhalation rate with a solid Rn-222 source

Li,

Fan,

Liu

et al. 2024

J. Inst.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While the World Health Organization has confirmed radon as the second leading cause of lung cancer after tobacco smoking [2], there is currently insufficient data on lung cancer risk caused by thoron due to a paucity of surveys [3]. This situation can be mainly attributed to two reasons: first, the extensive low-level of thoron due to its short half-life (55.6 s); and second, the difficulty in measurement of thoron and calibration of thoron measurement devices [1,[3][4][5]. Nevertheless, exposure to even low-level of thoron can result in a considerable effective dose to the respiratory tract due to the high dose conversion factor of thoron progenies compared to that of radon progenies [1,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thoron gas measurement using an airflow-through scintillation cell with consideration for progeny deposition

Zhao¹,

Liu²,

Chen³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Accurate measurement of low-level thoron gas and high-accuracy calibration of thoron measurement devices are essential for assessing and preventing thoron radiological risks. This study aimed to develop a thoron gas measurement technique using an airflow-through scintillation cell for both low-level measurement and high-accuracy calibration. To achieve this, a compartment model was developed to estimate the influence of progeny deposition and accumulation on the wall of the scintillation cell to prevent overestimation of thoron. A self-developed scintillation cell was utilized to implement and validate this technique. The lower detection limit and measurement uncertainty were then evaluated to assess the feasibility of the technique for low-level measurement and high-accuracy calibration. The results showed that the compartment model effectively addressed the influence of the progeny deposition. The measurement technique achieved a lower detection limit below 100 Bq m-3 even with the coexistence of 100 Bq m-3 of radon and attained a measurement uncertainty (k = 2) below 10% when the concentration of thoron exceeded 1,000 Bq m-3. In summary, this study developed a reliable and practical thoron gas measurement technique using an airflow-through scintillation cell with consideration for progeny deposition, and is expected to contribute to the assessment and prevention of thoron radiological risk.

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“…While the World Health Organization has confirmed radon as the second-leading cause of lung cancer after tobacco smoking [2], there are currently insufficient data on the lung cancer risk caused by thoron due to a paucity of surveys [3]. This situation can be mainly attributed to two reasons: first, the extensive low level of thoron due to its short half-life (55.6 s) and second, the difficulty in the measurement of thoron and the calibration of thoron measurement devices [1,[3][4][5]. Nevertheless, exposure to even a low level of thoron can result in a considerable effective dose in the respiratory tract due to the high-dose conversion factor of thoron progeny compared to that of radon progeny [1,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thoron Gas Measurement Using Airflow-Through Scintillation Cell with Consideration of Progeny Deposition

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Accurate measurement of low-level thoron gas and high-accuracy calibration of thoron measurement devices are essential for assessing and preventing thoron radiological risks. This study aimed to develop a thoron gas measurement technique using an airflow-through scintillation cell for both low-level measurement and high-accuracy calibration. To achieve this, a compartment model was developed to estimate the influence of progeny deposition and accumulation on the wall of the scintillation cell to prevent an overestimation of thoron. A self-developed scintillation cell was utilised to implement and validate this technique. The lower detection limit and measurement uncertainty were then evaluated to assess the feasibility of the technique for low-level measurement and high-accuracy calibration. The results showed that the compartment model effectively addressed the influence of progeny deposition. The measurement technique achieved a lower detection limit below 100 Bq m−3 even with the coexistence of that of 100 Bq m−3 of radon and attained a measurement uncertainty (k = 2) below 10% when the concentration of thoron exceeded 1000 Bq m−3. In summary, this study developed a reliable and practical thoron gas measurement technique using an airflow-through scintillation cell with a consideration of progeny deposition, and is expected to contribute to the assessment and prevention of thoron radiological risk.

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Environmental Radioactivity Monitoring and Measurements: Radon and Thoron

Abstract: We “bathe” in radiation, which is an integral part of our environment [...]

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

A novel method to simulate radon exhalation rate with a solid Rn-222 source

A novel method to simulate radon exhalation rate with a solid Rn-222 source

Thoron gas measurement using an airflow-through scintillation cell with consideration for progeny deposition

Thoron Gas Measurement Using Airflow-Through Scintillation Cell with Consideration of Progeny Deposition

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