Environmental problems and sustainable futures

Poverty and the environment: an international perspective for social work

“…During the last two decades, national and international environmental NGOs, conferences and treaties have developed at an accelerating pace (Marien, 1992;Martin-Brown and Ofosu-Amaah, 1992;Pincen and Finger, 1994). This burgeoning global acknowledgement of, concern about and motivation to redress the severity of environmental problems is exemplified in the 1992 Rio Declaration on Environment and Development.…”

“…Significant change in protecting communities from toxic exposure and other environmental problems cannot occur without the reframing of very basic socio-economic ideas. Authors who propose alternative, ecological economic models generally converge in their thinking on one area: environmental costs such as pollution and the destruction of natural resources must be accounted for within our economic systems of production rather than as externalities (Costanza, 1991;Lutz and Lux, 1988;Marien, 1992).…”

Influences on Tourism Development Decision Making: Coastal Local Government Areas in Eastern Australia

“…This has been reinforced by numerous authors who have studied aspects of sense of community such as quality of life (Roehl, 1993), sense of place (Lynch, 1972), social responsibility (Carroll, 1993), sense of harmony (Reime & Hawkins, 1981), community vision (Ritchie, 1993), community commitment (Burke, 1968), and empowerment (Din, 1992). Other literature has suggested the importance of community needs influence through research concerning community residents and tourism development (Prosser, 1993), community tourism (Murphy, 1985), and sustainable development (Marien, 1992). Healy and Zinn's (1985) extensive review of research conducted on conflicts in coastal areas found some communities were concerned with potential positive impacts (Murphy, 1985;Perdue et al, 1990), while other communities were found to have more negative impact views (Madrigal, 1995;McNamara, 1987).…”

“…A second major category of circumstantialinfluences are those related to more regulatory or procedurally based approaches to dealing with decisions. The influence related to this more structural-circumstantial type influence (referred to in this paper as 'structural') can be seen by the growing body of literature and great deal of effort put into planning (Bates, 1989;Blank, 1989;Dredge & Moore, 1992), policy (Ditton et al, 1977;Haward & Bergin, 1991;Marien, 1992), land use regulations (Inskeep & Kallenberger, 1992;Resource Assessment Commission, 1993a), and statutory procedures in communities (Pearson, 1994). Aspects of these factors include access and quality of information (Janis & Mann, 1977;Jones, 1993;Marien, 1994;Metz & Zedler, 1983), degree of direction provided through formal policy and procedural documents (Halsey & Abel, 1990;Pearson, 1994) and the degree of legal and regulatory mechanisms (Gardiner & Edwards, 1976;Stanton & Aislabie, 1992).…”

“…Few theorists or researchers have utilised a more inclusive set of determinants to explore decision influence. They have instead focused primarily on specific areas of potential influence such as social influence (Kelman, 1964;Turner, 1991), values (McLeod & Chaffee, 1972 and to some degree on policy and planning (Hall & Jenkins, 1995;Marien, 1992) and impacts (Perdue et al, 1990).…”