Environmental odors and health hazards

Rosenkranz, Herbert S.; Cunningham, Albert R.

doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(03)00330-9

Cited by 37 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Various commercial smoke detectors and gas sensors are available to detect some of these noxious gases, but many other harmful gases that have deleterious effects on human health often go undetected. Much of the hazard associated with the less-common, injurious organic gases such as ammonia, peroxides, and hydrogen cyanide may be easily detected by an e-nose connected to a centralized audible alarm system [142,154]. Indeed, many such systems are being developed for a wide range of harmful gases and aerosols [139].…”

Section: Applications Of Electronic Noses In Biomedicinementioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Electronic-Nose Technologies Developed for Biomedical Applications

Wilson

Baietto

2011

Sensors

326

236

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The research and development of new electronic-nose applications in the biomedical field has accelerated at a phenomenal rate over the past 25 years. Many innovative e-nose technologies have provided solutions and applications to a wide variety of complex biomedical and healthcare problems. The purposes of this review are to present a comprehensive analysis of past and recent biomedical research findings and developments of electronic-nose sensor technologies, and to identify current and future potential e-nose applications that will continue to advance the effectiveness and efficiency of biomedical treatments and healthcare services for many years. An abundance of electronic-nose applications has been developed for a variety of healthcare sectors including diagnostics, immunology, pathology, patient recovery, pharmacology, physical therapy, physiology, preventative medicine, remote healthcare, and wound and graft healing. Specific biomedical e-nose applications range from uses in biochemical testing, blood-compatibility evaluations, disease diagnoses, and drug delivery to monitoring of metabolic levels, organ dysfunctions, and patient conditions through telemedicine. This paper summarizes the major electronic-nose technologies developed for healthcare and biomedical applications since the late 1980s when electronic aroma detection technologies were first recognized to be potentially useful in providing effective solutions to problems in the healthcare industry.

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Section: Applications Of Electronic Noses In Biomedicinementioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Electronic-Nose Technologies Developed for Biomedical Applications

Wilson

Baietto

2011

Sensors

326

236

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“…There is no evidence that malodors per se are associated with objective adverse health effects (Cavalini et al., 1991; Rosenkranz and Cunningham, 2003). However, malodors (as perceived in industrialized cultures, cf.…”

Section: Sensory Irritation and Odormentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic compounds in office environments - sensory irritation, odor, measurements and the role of reactive chemistry

Wolkoff¹,

Wilkins²,

Clausen³

et al. 2006

Indoor Air

284

179

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Sensory irritation and odor effects of organic compounds in indoor environments are reviewed. It is proposed to subdivide volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into four categories: (i) chemically non-reactive, (ii) chemically ÔreactiveÕ, (iii) biologically reactive (i.e. form chemical bonds to receptor sites in mucous membranes) and (iv) toxic compounds. Chemically non-reactive VOCs are considered non-irritants at typical indoor air levels. However, compounds with low odor thresholds contribute to the overall perception of the indoor air quality. Reported sensory irritation may be the result of odor annoyance. It appears that odor thresholds for many VOCs probably are considerably lower than previously reported. This explains why many building materials persistently are perceived as odorous, although the concentrations of the detected organic compounds are close to or below their reported odor thresholds. Ozone reacts with certain alkenes to form a gas and aerosol phase of oxidation products, some of which are sensory irritants. However, all of the sensory irritating species have not yet been identified and whether the secondary aerosols (ultrafine and fine particles) contribute to sensory irritation requires investigation. Low relative humidity may exacerbate the sensory irritation impact. Practical Implications Certain odors, in addition to odor annoyance, may result in psychological effects and distraction from work. Some building materials continually cause perceivable odors, because the odor thresholds of the emitted compounds are low. Some oxidation products of alkenes (e.g. terpenes) may contribute to eye and airway symptoms under certain conditions and low relative humidity.

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“…the human nose has been shown to be sensitive to variations in many odors [6,13]. most people possess the required level of olfactory sensitivity for this type of test, and applying this screen should not add greatly to the workload of the staff running the animal breeding facility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Odor Compounds in Feces of Mice that Were Exposed to Various Stresses during Breeding

et al. 2013

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Abstract:In order to provide healthy experimental animals, it is important to find and remove animals that have been accidentally exposed to various stresses during breeding. This study focuses mouse health-care management. Here we used human olfaction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to assess odor intensity and determine the concentrations of odor components. The feces were collected from mice that were exposed to 4 different stresses (no bedding chips, shaking, fasting, and movement restriction). These stresses caused a change in odor intensity as assessed by 6 panelists. Seventeen components were identified as dominant components in the odor that was emitted from feces. The concentration of each compound was converted to relative values versus its odor threshold levels in order to select ones effective for the quality of the odor. As a result, 12 selected components were found to be a useful set for the recognition of mice bred under different stress conditions. The present results may provide useful information for the development of standard fecal odor materials that may be used for the training of mouse care personnel.

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Environmental odors and health hazards

Cited by 37 publications

References 61 publications

Advances in Electronic-Nose Technologies Developed for Biomedical Applications

Advances in Electronic-Nose Technologies Developed for Biomedical Applications

Organic compounds in office environments - sensory irritation, odor, measurements and the role of reactive chemistry

Analysis of Odor Compounds in Feces of Mice that Were Exposed to Various Stresses during Breeding

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