Environmental Monitoring: Emphasis on Optical Waveguide and Fiber-Based Sensors: A Review

Butt, Muhammad Ali; Voronkov, Grigory S.; Grakhova, Elizaveta P.; Kutluyarov, Ruslan V.; Kazanskiy, Nikolay L.; Хонина, С. Н.

doi:10.20944/preprints202211.0282.v1

2022

DOI: 10.20944/preprints202211.0282.v1

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Environmental Monitoring: Emphasis on Optical Waveguide and Fiber-Based Sensors: A Review

Muhammad Ali Butt¹,

Grigory S. Voronkov²,

Elizaveta P. Grakhova³

et al.

Abstract: Environmental monitoring is an important topic and serves a vibrant scientific role by revealing long-term trends that can lead to new knowledge and understanding. Globally, there is active development of photonic sensors incorporating multidisciplinary research. The ultimate objective is to develop small, low-cost, sensitive, selective, quick, durable, remote-controllable sensors that are resistant to electromagnetic interference. Different photonic sensor designs and advances in photonic frameworks have show… Show more

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Cited by 15 publications

References 150 publications

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Optical Waveguide Refractive Index Sensor for Biochemical Sensing

et al. 2023

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This study describes the basic principles of optical waveguide refractive index sensing and the various design structures of refractive index sensors. These waveguides generate different optical resonances, which cause changes in the sensing refractive index and temperature and are subsequently used to detect the concentration in the analyses. First, the structural characteristics and performance indices of the microring sensor and interferometer are studied based on the refractive index of the optical waveguide. Second, the principle and sensing detection mechanism of the two types of refractive index sensing employed in these sensors are analyzed. Then, the two sensors are classified and discussed from the perspective of the waveguide materials and structures, as well as the substances to be measured. Simultaneously, performance indicators such as sensitivity and detection range are compared and summarized. The comparison results show that there is a compromise between the sensitivity and quality factor of the optical waveguide refractive index sensor. Finally, applications of refractive index sensing in the biochemical field for material detection are discussed, showing that the optical waveguide refractive index sensor has significant advantages over other types of biochemical optical sensors.

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Optical Waveguide Refractive Index Sensor for Biochemical Sensing

et al. 2023

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Strategic Insights into Integrated Photonics: Core Concepts, Practical Deployments, and Future Outlook

Butt,

Mateos

2024

Applied Sciences

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Integrated photonics is a cutting-edge field that merges optics and electronics on a single microchip, revolutionizing how we manipulate and transmit light. Imagine traditional bulky optical systems condensed onto a chip smaller than a fingernail, enabling faster communication, more efficient sensors, and advanced computing. At its core, integrated photonics relies on guiding light through waveguides etched onto semiconductor substrates, analogous to how wires conduct electricity in traditional electric circuits. These waveguides can route, modulate, and detect light signals with unprecedented precision and speed. This technology holds immense promise across various domains. Despite its immense potential, integrated photonics faces challenges, including manufacturing complexities and integration with existing electronic systems. However, ongoing research and advancements continue to push the boundaries, promising a future where light-based technologies seamlessly integrate into our everyday lives, powering a new era of innovation and connectivity.

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Optical Fibre-Based Sensors—An Assessment of Current Innovations

Khonina,

Kazanskiy,

Butt

2023

Biosensors

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Optical fibre sensors are an essential subset of optical fibre technology, designed specifically for sensing and measuring several physical parameters. These sensors offer unique advantages over traditional sensors, making them gradually more valuable in a wide range of applications. They can detect extremely small variations in the physical parameters they are designed to measure, such as analytes in the case of biosensing. This high sensitivity allows them to detect subtle variations in temperature, pressure, strain, the refractive index of analytes, vibration, and other environmental factors with exceptional accuracy. Moreover, these sensors enable remote sensing capabilities. Since light signals are used to carry information, the sensing elements can be placed at distant or inaccessible sites and still communicate the data back to the central monitoring system without signal degradation. In recent times, different attractive configurations and approaches have been proposed to enhance the sensitivity of the optical fibre-based sensor and are briefly explained in this review. However, we believe that the choice of optical fibre sensor configuration should be designated based on the specific application. As these sensors continue to evolve and improve, they will play an increasingly vital role in critical monitoring and control applications across various industries.

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Environmental Monitoring: Emphasis on Optical Waveguide and Fiber-Based Sensors: A Review

Cited by 15 publications

References 150 publications

Optical Waveguide Refractive Index Sensor for Biochemical Sensing

Optical Waveguide Refractive Index Sensor for Biochemical Sensing

Strategic Insights into Integrated Photonics: Core Concepts, Practical Deployments, and Future Outlook

Optical Fibre-Based Sensors—An Assessment of Current Innovations

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