Environmental Influences on Dietary Behavior among Children: Availability and Accessibility of Fruits and Vegetables Enable Consumption

Hearn, Marsha Davis; Baranowski, Tom; Baranowski, Janice; Doyle, Colleen; Smith, Matthew J.; Lin, Lillian S.; Resnicow, Ken

doi:10.1080/10556699.1998.10603294

Cited by 284 publications

(245 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…People ate an average of 2.5 more candies each day when they were less proximate but visible (5.6 vs 3.1; Po0.05), 1.5 more when the were proximate but non-visible (4.6 vs 3.8; Po0.05) and 4.6 more when less proximate and visible (7.7 vs 3.1; Po0.05). These results help corroborate the initial hypotheses of Terry and Beck 9 regarding the effects of visibility, as well as the findings of Hearn et al 13 regarding convenience. At the same time, they also show the additive effects of the interaction between visibility and proximity.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

The office candy dish: proximity's influence on estimated and actual consumption

2006

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Objective and purpose: Although there is increasing interest in how environmental factors influence food intake, there are mixed results and misunderstandings of how proximity and visibility influence consumption volume and contribute to obesity. The objective of this paper is to examine two questions: first, how does the proximity and salience of a food influence consumption volume? Second, are proximate foods consumed more frequently because they are proximate, or are they consumed more frequently because people lose track of how much they eat? Research methods and procedures: The 4-week study involved the chocolate candy consumption of 40 adult secretaries. The study utilized a 2 Â 2 within-subject design where candy proximity was crossed with visibility. Proximity was manipulated by placing the chocolates on the desk of the participant or 2 m from the desk. Visibility was manipulated by placing the chocolates in covered bowls that were either clear or opaque. Chocolates were replenished each evening, and placement conditions were rotated every Monday. Daily consumption was noted and follow-up questionnaires were distributed and analyzed. Results: There were main effects for both proximity and visibility. People ate an average of 2.2 more candies each day when they were visible, and 1.8 candies more when they were proximately placed on their desk vs 2 m away. It is important to note, however, that there was a significant tendency for participants to consistently underestimate their daily consumption of proximately placed candies (À0.9) and overestimate their daily consumption of less proximately placed candies ( þ 0.5). Discussion: These results show that the proximity and visibility of a food can consistently increase an adult's consumption of it. In addition, these results suggest that people may be biased to overestimate the consumption of foods that are less proximate, and to underestimate those that are more proximate. Knowing about these deviation tendencies is important for those attempting effectively monitor their consumption of fat and sugar.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

The office candy dish: proximity's influence on estimated and actual consumption

2006

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“…Several researchers have developed measures of the availability and accessibility of healthy and less healthy foods in the home with most emphasis placed on fruits and vegetables (18,36,(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)54,55,57,59,(61)(62)(63)65) . While no gold standard exists for examining availability and accessibility of foods, some trials have used in-home inventories.…”

Section: Food Availability and Accessibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Availability has also been assessed most basically by asking whether caregivers purchase foods on their child's request and if foods are visible (47) . When compared with consumption behaviours, the availability and accessibility of specific foods were related (11,18,(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)47) .…”

Section: Food Availability and Accessibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measures of the home environment related to childhood obesity: a systematic review

Pinard

Yaroch

Hart

et al. 2011

Public Health Nutr.

102

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Objective: Due to a proliferation of measures for different components of the home environment related to childhood obesity, the purpose of the present systematic review was to examine these tools and the degree to which they can validly and reliably assess the home environment. Design: Relevant manuscripts published between 1998 and 2010 were obtained through electronic database searches and manual searches of reference lists. Manuscripts were included if the researchers reported on a measure of the home environment related to child eating and physical activity (PA) and childhood obesity and reported on at least one psychometric property. Results: Of the forty papers reviewed, 48 % discussed some aspect of parenting specific to food. Fifty-per cent of the manuscripts measured food availability/ accessibility, 18 % measured PA availability/accessibility, 20 % measured media availability/accessibility, 30 % focused on feeding style, 23 % focused on parenting related to PA and 20 % focused on parenting related to screen time. Conclusions: Many researchers chose to design new measures for their studies but often the items employed were brief and there was a lack of transparency in the psychometric properties. Many of the current measures of the home food and PA environment focus on one or two constructs; more comprehensive measures as well as short screeners guided by theoretical models are necessary to capture influences in the home on food and PA behaviours of children. Finally, the current measures of the home environment do not necessarily translate to specific subpopulations. Recommendations were made for future validation of measures in terms of appropriate psychometric testing. Keywords Child obesity Home environment Measurement PsychometricsThe prevalence and severity of childhood overweight have increased significantly in the past three decades (1)(2)(3) . Negative sequalae from being overweight during childhood include being at a higher risk for a number of chronic and acute conditions (4) as well as negative social and psychological outcomes (5) . The source for the majority of childhood obesity cases can be attributed to energy imbalance which has been linked to changes in the food and physical activity (PA) environments (6,7) . The home environment has been documented as one that can either facilitate or inhibit healthful eating and PA, and caregivers play a key role in the development of the social and physical environment within a household (8,9) . From a social environment perspective, caregivers serve as role models for PA, dietary and media behaviours and influence the child's health behaviours and weight status through parenting strategies and feeding styles (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21) . In addition, a child participates in more PA when a greater amount of space and active toys are available in the home (22,23) . Likewise, access to food items can impact consumption (24,25) . Similarly, when more screen opportunities are available, children are more likely to engage i...

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“…Parents directly determine the child's physical and social environment by deciding which foods are available and in what quantity (1)(2)(3) . Parents' own foodrelated behaviours serve as a role model and thereby affect the dietary habits of their children (4,5) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between children’s home food environment and dietary patterns in childhood and adolescence

Vereecken

Haerens

Bourdeaudhuij

et al. 2010

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To identify the correlates of the home food environment (parents' intake, availability and food-related parenting practices) at the age of 10 years with dietary patterns during childhood and in adolescence. Setting: Primary-school children of fifty-nine Flemish elementary schools completed a questionnaire at school in 2002. Four years later they completed a questionnaire by e-mail or mail at home. Their parents completed a questionnaire on food-related parenting practices at baseline. Design: Longitudinal study. Subjects: The analyses included 609 matched questionnaires. Statistics: Multi-level regression analyses were used to identify baseline parenting practices (pressure, reward, negotiation, catering on demand, permissiveness, verbal praise, avoiding negative modelling, availability of healthy/unhealthy food items and mothers' fruit and vegetable (F&V) and excess scores) associated with children's dietary patterns (F&V and excess scores). Results: Mother's F&V score was a significant positive independent predictor for children's F&V score at baseline and follow-up, whereas availability of unhealthy foods was significantly negatively associated with both scores. Negotiation was positively associated with children's follow-up score of F&V, while permissiveness was positively associated with children's follow-up excess score. Availability of unhealthy foods and mother's excess score were positively related to children's excess score at baseline and follow-up. Conclusions: Parental intake and restricting the availability of unhealthy foods not only appeared to have a consistent impact on children's and adolescents' diets, but also negotiating and less permissive food-related parenting practices may improve adolescents' diets.

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Environmental Influences on Dietary Behavior among Children: Availability and Accessibility of Fruits and Vegetables Enable Consumption

Cited by 284 publications

References 17 publications

The office candy dish: proximity's influence on estimated and actual consumption

The office candy dish: proximity's influence on estimated and actual consumption

Measures of the home environment related to childhood obesity: a systematic review

The relationship between children’s home food environment and dietary patterns in childhood and adolescence

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