Environmental Implications of Rice and Wheat Stubble Burning in North-Western States of India

Singh, Jabrinder; Singhal, Naveen; Singhal, Shailey; Sharma, Madhu; Agarwal, Shilpi; Arora, Shefali

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-7122-5_6

Cited by 30 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In this experiment, all the results were found significant in all treatment. Data regarding plant height was recorded at maturity and presented in are line with the findings of (11,12). were recorded where wheat was sown by conventional method after the burning of rice stubbles during both years respectively.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 57%

“…This results in severe air pollution and loss of nutrients and organic matter (11). Burning is helpful only because it helps in clearing soil surface quickly and killing soil-borne insects and pathogens but at the same time, it plays a considerable part in increasing air pollution and killing off beneficial soil insects and microorganisms and a huge amount of nutrient loss (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environment Resilient Rice Stubble Management Technique for Wheat Sowing in Zero Tillage Happy Seeder

Shehzadi¹,

Khaliq²,

Shafqat³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Rice wheat cropping system prevailed in more than fifty percent areas of rice belt of central and upper Punjab. In this area yield of wheat is curtailed every year due to late harvesting of rice crop. In addition to this, lack of machinery for direct sowing of wheat into combine harvested rice is a major limitation for timely wheat sowing due to presence of heavy straw load dropped by the combine harvester. A field experiment was planned and executed during two consecutive years 2017-18 and 2018-19 at Agronomic Research Station Farooqabad to evaluate the various stubble management techniques for the sowing of wheat in a rice-wheat cropping system. The Experiment consist of four treatments Happy seeder (Zero tillage), conventional sowing without burning of rice stubble, Rotavator two times, and Conventional sowing with the burning of rice stubble. The trail was arranged as a Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications having a net plot size of 8 m x 20 m. The Treatments have significant effects on Plant height, Number of productive tillers, 1000- grain weight, and grain yield. Maximum plant height (94.74 and 94.25 cm), numbers of productive tillers/m2 (324.00 and 322.25), 1000-grain weight (36.35 and 36.20 g), grain yield (3780 and 3613 kg/ha), and benefit-cost ratio (2.54 and 2.43) were recorded from the treatment happy seeder (Zero tillage) during both years respectively. It is concluded that the sowing of wheat with a happy seeder (Zero tillage) is an appropriate technique in the rice-wheat cropping system by protecting the environment and soil health from the burning of rice stubbles.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environment Resilient Rice Stubble Management Technique for Wheat Sowing in Zero Tillage Happy Seeder

Shehzadi¹,

Khaliq²,

Shafqat³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…In the wake of consumption, the unburned straws and debris were gathered for gauging. [3] describes the study of NO x , CH 4 , SPM, CO, and CO 2 emanation due to the blazing of Rice and Wheat leftover mainly in the northwestern states of India. Paper describes different methods that can be adopted for the management of crop stubble.…”

Section: VIImentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission of Trace Gases from Paddy Blazing in North- Western States of India: A Review

Singh¹,

Shetty²

2021

JUSST

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India being an Agricultural State with diverse crop culture. Various crops are scattered and harvested in every Rabi and Kharif season and farmers are very much dependent on these seasons as these seasons decide the quality of the crop. The modern equipment which a farmer uses is a Combined Harvesting Machine. Now the problem with this machine is that it cultivates the crop from a height of 1 meter from the ground which generates the leftover residual of rice on the ground. Due to the composition of farm leftover, its blazing is a little different in comparison to that of Grassland and forest fire. Farm residue burning emits a huge amount of harmful pollutants, such as N2O, CO2, CH4, CO, NH3, SO2, NOx, HC’s, VOC’s, and SPM. These emitting pollutants cause harmful impacts to Humans, Plants, and Animals. Focusing on the influence on humans these pollutants can cause pneumoconiosis, acute bronchitis, skin allergies, irritation to the eyes, blindness, scarred cornea, and formation of cataracts.

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“…Burning crop residues not only contributes to carbon and nitrogen losses of the ecosystem, but it also increases air pollution and emissions of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere (Sahai, Sharma, Singh & Gupta, 2011). Indeed, increased air pollution during rice straw burning periods has become a serious recurring environmental problem in large cities in northern India and southern Nepal (Singh et al, 2018). Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop agronomical managements to avoid rice straw burning in the region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and Yield Response of Wheat to Tillage, Rice Residue and Weed Management under Rice–Wheat Cropping System

Pandey¹,

Kandel

2020

Global J. Ag. Allied Sc.

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Recent decades have seen many changes in agricultural production systems in Nepal, such as increased mechanization for harvesting of major cereal crops, which leaves a large volume of crop residue in the field, increased herbicide application for weed control, and increased adoption of reduced tillage systems. In this study, we compared the effects of tillage, rice residue and weed managements on yield and yield attributes of wheat cultivated under rice-wheat rotation in the Southern Plain (Terai) region of Nepal. The study was conducted during the wheat growing seasons (November through April) of 2013–2014, 2014–2015 and 2015–2016 in Rupandehi district. The experiment was deployed in a split-split plot design with tillage system as main plot [conventional tillage (CT) and zero tillage (ZT)], residue removal management as a sub-plot [whole residue retained (WR), partial residue retained (PR) and no residue retained (NR)], and weed management as a sub-sub plot [(manual weeding (MW) and chemical weeding (CW)], replicated three times. Analysis of variance was applied to the yield and yield attributes of wheat for fixed and interaction effects. Averaged across the years, the CT system (2.4 t ha–1) had significantly higher yield than ZT (2.2 t ha–1) but the difference was not consistent in all study years. While rice residue retention did not influence grain yield in Year1, WR produced greatest and NR produced lowest yield in Year2 and Year3, indicating potential yield increase in wheat following the whole rice residue retention in the long run. Grain yield did not significantly vary with weed management method, suggesting that manual weed control can be as effective as herbicide in weed management in wheat agroecosystem in the Southern Plains (Terai) region of Nepal.

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Environmental Implications of Rice and Wheat Stubble Burning in North-Western States of India

Cited by 30 publications

References 14 publications

Environment Resilient Rice Stubble Management Technique for Wheat Sowing in Zero Tillage Happy Seeder

Environment Resilient Rice Stubble Management Technique for Wheat Sowing in Zero Tillage Happy Seeder

Emission of Trace Gases from Paddy Blazing in North- Western States of India: A Review

Growth and Yield Response of Wheat to Tillage, Rice Residue and Weed Management under Rice–Wheat Cropping System

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