Environmental implications of inositol phosphates in animal manures.

Leytem, April B.; Maguire, Rory O.

doi:10.1079/9781845931520.0150

Cited by 23 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…One environmental concern regarding the use of phytase to reduce manure phosphorus excretion is a possible concomitant increase of free or soluble phosphorus (81). Although dietary phytase supplementation results in substantial reductions in total phosphorus excretion, a slight increase of soluble phosphorus in the excreta is possible.…”

Section: Issues Related To Feed Application Of Phytasementioning

confidence: 99%

Phytase, a New Life for an “Old” Enzyme

Lei

Weaver

Mullaney³

et al. 2013

Annu. Rev. Anim. Biosci.

219

178

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Phytases are phosphohydrolytic enzymes that initiate stepwise removal of phosphate from phytate. Simple-stomached species such as swine, poultry, and fish require extrinsic phytase to digest phytate, the major form of phosphorus in plant-based feeds. Consequently, this enzyme is supplemented in these species' diets to decrease their phosphorus excretion, and it has emerged as one of the most effective and lucrative feed additives. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of the evolving course of phytase science and technology. It gives realistic estimates of the versatile roles of phytase in animal feeding, environmental protection, rock phosphorus preservation, human nutrition and health, and industrial applications. It elaborates on new biotechnology and existing issues related to developing novel microbial phytases as well as phytase-transgenic plants and animals. And it targets critical and integrated analyses on the global impact, novel application, and future demand of phytase in promoting animal agriculture, human health, and societal sustainability.

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Section: Issues Related To Feed Application Of Phytasementioning

confidence: 99%

Phytase, a New Life for an “Old” Enzyme

Lei

Weaver

Mullaney³

et al. 2013

Annu. Rev. Anim. Biosci.

219

178

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Generally, inositol phosphates are considered to be rather immobile and thus non-bioavailable due to their strong binding to clay, organic matter and metal oxides in the soils (Turner et al 2005, Leytem et al 2007. On the other hand, inositol phosphates are gaining increased attention due to their potential bioavailability once in solution and subsequent contribution to eutrophication (Turner et al 2002).…”

Section: Phosphorus Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment and Validation of an Amended Phosphorus Index: Refined Phosphorus Loss Assessment of an Agriculture Watershed in Northern China

Zhou

Vogt

et al. 2014

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Everything started with an unexpected conversation on one day in late 2011. "Do you want to study for a doctoral degree? In Norway?" suddenly asked by my unit chief, Dr. Lu. "It is about environmental chemistry and will last 3~4 years." My instinct said yes right away: 'of course, I want it'. A doctor degree is my dream and it is a precious opportunity to study abroad. Before I was about to open my mouth, many other things poured into my mind. Can I manage it? How can I communicate with my supervisors and other colleagues with my poor language skills? Will I get along with them with a totally different academic and cultural background? I was practically a layman on environmental chemistry at that time. "You can think about it over a couple of days, but remember it could be the first and the only chance I can offer you." Dr. Lu continued. "I have already made my mind. Yes, I do." I told him. Challenge accepted! My Ph.D. study was supported by SinoTropia project, a bilateral cooperation project between China and Norway. This project is an interdisciplinary research projects focusing on freshwater eutrophication in a local watershed in my hometown, Tianjin. A major cause for the impaired water quality is diffuse runoff of nutrients, particularly phosphorus (P), causing eutrophication. The nutrients come mainly from overuse of fertilizer, and unregulated excess dung from husbandry. During my Ph.D. study, I mainly focused on determining the potential risk for P loss from soil to surface water through field studies, experiments and modelling. This study has enhanced our capability to assess the potential risk for P loss and identify the main factors governing the flux of P from zones with different risk for P loss. These findings may thus be used by policy makers to identify "hot spot" P source regions, and formulate targeted mitigating measures to curb eutrophication. Knowledge and understanding from this thesis have already been used by local authorities while developing a pollution control plan for the reservoir. Before the end of my Ph.D. study, I hope I have answered all the questions I asked myself in 2011. In the field of scientific research, I'm just a pupil. I am still on the road, and this road will never end.

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“…Studies have indicated that animal waste is the leading source of agricultural phosphorus runoff, emphasizing the importance of understanding and reducing the impact of animal manures on the pollution load of water bodies (e.g. Leytem and Maguire, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of stable ‘low phytic acid’ transgenic rice through antisense repression of the 1d‐myo‐inositol 3‐phosphate synthase gene (RINO1) using the 18‐kDa oleosin promoter

Kuwano

Mimura

Takaiwa

et al. 2008

Plant Biotechnology Journal

103

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Summary Phytic acid acts as the major storage form of phosphorus in plant seeds and is poorly digested by monogastric animals. The degradation of phytic acid in animal diets is necessary to overcome both environmental and nutritional issues. The enzyme 1d‐myo‐inositol 3‐phosphate [Ins(3)P1] synthase (EC 5.5.1.4) catalyses the first step of myo‐inositol biosynthesis and directs phytic acid biosynthesis in seeds. The rice Ins(3)P1 synthase gene (RINO1) is highly expressed in developing seed embryos and in the aleurone layer, where phytic acid is synthesized and stored. In rice seeds, 18‐kDa oleosin (Ole18) is expressed in a seed‐specific manner, and its transcripts are restricted to the embryo and the aleurone layer. Therefore, to effectively suppress phytic acid biosynthesis, antisense RINO1 cDNA was expressed under the control of the Ole18 promoter, directing the same spatial pattern in seeds as RINO1 in transgenic rice plants. The generated transgenic rice plants showed strong ‘low phytic acid’ (lpa) phenotypes, in which seed phytic acid was reduced by 68% and free available phosphate was concomitantly increased. No negative effects on seed weight, germination or plant growth were observed. The available phosphate levels of the stable transgenic plants surpassed those of currently available rice lpa mutants.

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Environmental implications of inositol phosphates in animal manures.

Cited by 23 publications

References 29 publications

Phytase, a New Life for an “Old” Enzyme

Phytase, a New Life for an “Old” Enzyme

Establishment and Validation of an Amended Phosphorus Index: Refined Phosphorus Loss Assessment of an Agriculture Watershed in Northern China

Generation of stable ‘low phytic acid’ transgenic rice through antisense repression of the 1d‐myo‐inositol 3‐phosphate synthase gene (RINO1) using the 18‐kDa oleosin promoter

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