Environmental implications of animal wastes pollution on agricultural soil and water quality

Abstract

Akinbile C.O., Erazua A.E., Babalola T.E., Ajibade F.O. (2016): Environmental implications of animal wastes pollution on agricultural soil and water quality. Soil & Water Res., 11: 172−180.An attempt was made to ascertain the environmental effects of animal wastes pollution on agricultural soil and water quality at the oldest teaching and research farm, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria. Physical, chemical, and bacteriological analyses of water (shallow well) and soil samples were carried out to determine the present quality status. Fifteen soil samples collected at the centre of the animal wastes dump and at a distance of 5 and 10 m, and three different samplings done on the water source were analyzed. The parameters determined using APHA standard procedures included: turbidity, temperature, pH, alkalinity, sulphide, phosphate, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solids, total hardness, biochemical oxygen demand, total iron, nitrate, chloride, calcium, and heavy metals like copper, zinc, and lead. Most of the parameters indicated pollution including heavy metals presence with the exception of Pb, Zn, Mn, Cu, and Cr that were not detected in water samples. Concentrations of nitrate, biochemical oxygen demand, SO 4 2-, PO 4 3-, and Cl -were 0.20, 3.20, 10.50, 3.5, and 20.4 mg/l respectively, while those of detected heavy metals such as Mg and Ni were 1.98 and 10.03 mg/l, respectively. Soil water holding capacity, porosity, pH, organic matter, organic carbon, and organic nitrogen ranged from 33.34 ± 3.73 to 59.06 ± 5.69, 34.6 ± 3.28 to 52.43 ± 5.5, 6.56 ± 0.03 to 7.54 ± 0.03, 2.32 ± 0.03 to 5.35 ± 0.03, 1.33 ± 0.01 to 3.11 ± 0.01, and 0.58 ± 0.07 to 1.13 ± 0.03%, respectively. The results showed that the well is strongly polluted with bacteria and pathogens and requires considerable treatment before use while the soil is suitable for crop production.

Potentially toxic metals and metalloids in surface water intended for human consumption and other uses in the Mantaro River watershed, Peru

“…This variability would be associated with the discharges from the mining industry in operation, to the dragging of metals from abandoned mining dams due to heavy rainfall, to industrial and domestic discharge sources from the population settled in this basin, as well as natural processes such as the dissolution of geological deposits, biological degradation of organic matter and atmospheric deposition (Guittard et al 2017;Kilunga et al 2017). The spatial distribution of Cu, As, Pb and Zn indicates that the quality of the water bodies is mainly influenced by the waste and effluents from the mining and metallurgical activities that are developed in the study area in comparison to Fe that would mainly be coming from natural sources (Akinbile et al 2016). The importance of the distribution of these potentially toxic chemicals in the water bodies is evidenced by the cluster analysis.…”

“…This increase is mainly due to the mining and metallurgic industries, the use of herbicides and pesticides, the combustion of fossil fuels, and the discharge of industrial and domestic effluents (Goher et al 2014;Jia et al 2017). The pollution of water bodies is of a great global concern, due to the high volumes of municipal and industrial wastewater they receive, from accelerated population growth, urban expansion and industrialisation and agricultural modernisation (Akinbile et al 2016).…”

Various Natural and Anthropogenic Factors Responsible for Water Quality Degradation: A Review

“…Most countries have many livestock and poultry farms: the United States has an estimated 1.2 million livestock and poultry farms. In addition, this number covers all activities which increase the production of beef or dairy cattle, hogs, and swine, including both confinement and non-containment (grassing and range-fed) [118]. Furthermore, animal manure can be used on farms to fertilize plants and add/recover nutrients to the soil.…”

A GIS–AHP-based approach in siting MSW landfills in Lokoja, Nigeria

“…A pertinent issue which is related to environmental management via proper supervision and control of solid waste, pollution and health risks which arise in open dumping sites that are often commonly used for waste disposal is termed solid waste management (SWM) [1][2][3][4]. The menace of environmental pollution ensuing from indiscriminate waste disposal through open and poor waste disposal techniques has been a threat to the inhabitants of most developing countries [5][6][7], and its harmful effects on the (soil and water) environment and human health are considered to be frightening [8][9][10][11]. Throughout history, the commonest technique of organized waste disposal has been landfills and it has remained so in several places worldwide.…”