Environmental impacts, pollution sources and pathways of spent lithium-ion batteries

Abstract

There is a growing demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) for electric transportation and to support the application of renewable energies by auxiliary energy storage systems. This surge in demand requires...

Prospects for managing end‐of‐life lithium‐ion batteries: Present and future

“…[5] Concerning LIBs that have reached their limit of service life, land-filling or stockpiling is an inadvisable route. [6] For one thing, these two ways conceal a huge security risk, due to the nature of the fire-prone (or worse, explosive) LIBs. For another, inappropriate handling also leads to wasted energy and nonrenewable resources while also posing an environmental hazard, all of which run counter to the sustainable conception.…”

Enabling the sustainable recycling of LiFePO4 from spent lithium-ion batteries

“…It should be noted that the number of EVs alone on the way is expected to reach 253 million by 2030. [6][7][8] As a result, there will be a large quantity of LIBs beginning to retire in the near future, giving a typical 5-9 years service life of LIBs in EVs. [9][10][11] Although a portion of LiFePO 4 can be reused, the spent LIBs eventually need to be treated properly for economical sustainability and environmental protection purposes.…”

The electrical productivity of Arabica coffee grounds battery based on electrode distance and dryness level

“…The commercially available batteries in use today contain heavy metals such as mercury, lead, cadmium, and nickel. These battery components can pollute the environment because the battery includes hazardous and toxic waste (B3), which is difficult to decompose by microbes and is dangerous [2].…”

“…The study of the utilization of coffee grounds has been carried out in the following examinations with applications such as energy storage [7], [8], and alloys for batteries [2], [9], [10]. The focus of this research is to identify the potential of coffee grounds as a bio-battery electrolyte paste material and analyze several factors that influence coffee grounds to produce current and voltage stability.…”