Environmental impacts of energy use in wheat tillage systems: A comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) study in Iran

Houshyar, Ehsan; Grundmann, Philipp

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2017.01.069

Cited by 56 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 19 the use of microbial fertilizers instead of chemical fertilizers in the wheat production process could be an innovative application for agricultural applications in this region. Hoshyar and Grundmann (2017) reported that more than 40 and 70% of total toxicities could be due to ploughing, harrowing, planting and combine harvesting in wheat production by conventional tillage method. The authors reported that planting and combine harvesting applications have higher impacts on the toxicities in no-tillage wheat production system (around 70%).…”

Section: 2lca Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the impact of nitrogen on EP was higher than phosphorous, it is suggested that excessive nitrogen consumption should be avoided to achieve better environmental outcome. Hoshyar and Grundmann (2017) reported that farm machinery operations, nitrogen and seed are the key influencing parameters for calculating EP index in wheat production. Acidification index can explain the climate change.…”

Section: 2lca Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Life cycle assessment to compare the environmental impacts of different wheat production systems

Taki¹,

Soheili-Fard²,

Rohani

et al. 2018

Journal of Cleaner Production

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The share of fossil-based resources in the implementation of agricultural activities in Iran is very high. In this context, it is important to determine the environmental impacts of energy use in agricultural activities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the energy consumption and total environmental impacts of irrigated and rainfed wheat production in central Iran, Mahyar plain. For this purpose, data were collected from 120 irrigated and 90 rainfed wheat farms in three different farm size (<2 ha, 2-4 ha and more than 4 ha), through questionnaires and site visits. In this study, standard ISO life cycle assessment methodology was used to evaluate the total impact of all consuming inputs on environmental pollution and show the main hotspot in the production chain. Results of energy analyses showed that large farms used more energy per unit of farm land than that of small farms. Farmers also used higher input energy for irrigated wheat in comparison with rainfed system. The overall energy use efficiency for per unit farm of irrigated wheat production was only half of rainfed wheat production. Results of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) models show that rainfed wheat actually produced more pollutions than irrigated wheat production because of lower yield in ha. In this study, the rate of Abiotic Depletion (AD) and Acidification (AC) impact were 0.002-0.003 kg Sb eq and 8.991-11.863 kg SO 2 eq for wheat production (irrigated and reainfed), respectively. Also the Ozone Layer Depletion (OLD) and Photochemical Oxidation (PO) were calculated 0.00002-0.00004 kg CFC11 eq and 0.145-0.174 kg C 2 H 4 eq for wheat production (irrigated and reainfed), respectively. The results showed that the main hotspots for irrigated and rainfed wheat production were chemical fertilizers and diesel fuel. Based on the results, it is suggested to use more intensive cropping systems (such as solar greenhouse) to decrease the intensity of input energy and increase the output level of productions with minimum environmental pollutions.

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Section: 2lca Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 2lca Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life cycle assessment to compare the environmental impacts of different wheat production systems

Taki¹,

Soheili-Fard²,

Rohani

et al. 2018

Journal of Cleaner Production

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“…According to an estimate, more than 33 million tons of wheat is required by Pakistan to satisfy its demands in 2030 [27]; however, the production of wheat demands a multitude of energy. In previous studies, wheat production required 9.3 to 53.1 GJ ha −1 energy input under multiple experimental and treatment conditions [28][29][30]. All findings have been corroborated that the wheat production management type, characteristics of the soil, and climatic variability caused variations in the following range: 31.7-148.4 GJ ha −1 , 20.0-142.7 GJ ha −1 , 1.4-13.0, 1.99-15.8 MJ kg −1 , 60-400 kg MJ −1 , and 0.44-12.6 to energy output, net energy gains, energy use efficiency, specific energy, energy According to an estimate, more than 33 million tons of wheat is required by Pakistan to satisfy its demands in 2030 [27]; however, the production of wheat demands a multitude of energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All findings have been corroborated that the wheat production management type, characteristics of the soil, and climatic variability caused variations in the following range: 31.7-148.4 GJ ha −1 , 20.0-142.7 GJ ha −1 , 1.4-13.0, 1.99-15.8 MJ kg −1 , 60-400 kg MJ −1 , and 0.44-12.6 to energy output, net energy gains, energy use efficiency, specific energy, energy According to an estimate, more than 33 million tons of wheat is required by Pakistan to satisfy its demands in 2030 [27]; however, the production of wheat demands a multitude of energy. In previous studies, wheat production required 9.3 to 53.1 GJ ha −1 energy input under multiple experimental and treatment conditions [28][29][30]. All findings have been corroborated that the wheat production management type, characteristics of the soil, and climatic variability caused variations in the following range: 31.7-148.4 GJ ha −1 , 20.0-142.7 GJ ha −1 , 1.4-13.0, 1.99-15.8 MJ kg −1 , 60-400 kg MJ −1 , and 0.44-12.6 to energy output, net energy gains, energy use efficiency, specific energy, energy productivity and energy profitability, respectively [30][31][32][33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization Approach for Improving Energy Efficiency and Evaluation of Greenhouse Gas Emission of Wheat Crop using Data Envelopment Analysis

Ilahi

Raza

et al. 2019

Sustainability

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Energy is a major component in enhancing agricultural productivity for the rapidly growing world population. From that fact, a comprehensive analysis of energy inputs and outputs is required to conserve energy for future generations without threatening the food supply. Therefore, this study was performed in wheat production across important cropping zones of Punjab, Pakistan. In this study, the energy use pattern of wheat production was analyzed, and the degrees of technical efficiency of Decision Making Units (DMUs) were examined using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Based on the results of the DEA analysis, the inefficient energy inputs were identified and further explored with the core objective of a significant reduction of excess valuable resources. Data were collected from conducting a face-to-face questionnaire of 200 farmers. The farms for sample were chosen randomly by a stratified normal approach. The results disclosed that the input energy of 34,430.98 MJ ha−1 was used up for wheat production with an output energy of 48,267.05 MJ ha−1. Energy use efficiency, specific energy, energy productivity, and net energy gain in wheat production were calculated as 1.4 MJ kg−1, 9.27 MJ kg−1, 0.10 MJ kg−1 and 13,836.07 MJ kg−1, respectively. The average technical, pure technical, and scale efficiency of DMUs were 0.668, 0.776, and 0.828, respectively, and 0.74% of consulted DMUs were functioning at decreasing returns to scale. Additionally, the significant energy consumption belongs to fertilizer, and diesel fuel, which contribute 65% of the total energy input. If these inputs are applied and managed in line with ours optimize value (29,388.5 MJ ha−1) could save 14.65% resources, which will eventually add the equal quantity in wheat-yield. The total Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions were calculated to be 866.43 kg CO2-eq ha−1. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that there is sensible capacity for enhancing the energy efficiency of wheat production in Pakistan by accompanying the recommendations for economical energy management, sustainable and efficient use of energy is extremely encouraged.

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“…According to the cultivated area and total production, wheat is considered as the major cereal crop in the world, including Iran. Considering that the global demand for wheat has grown, its global production will need to increase by 1.6-2.6% annually until 2020, in order to eliminate the wide gap between productivity and consumption (Salim, 2016;Houshyar, Grundmann, 2017). Therefore, to achieve this goal, research should be focused on physiological, biochemical and metabolic processes occurring in wheat during the growing season.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression profiling of two sucrose transporter genes during post-anthesis in wheat

Navabpour

Jalali

2019

Zemdirbyste-Agriculture

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Sucrose transporters (SUTs) are critical for distribution and storage of sucrose between the source and sink tissues and considered as an important key for an efficient growth of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) during post-anthesis as well as during senescence stage. Therefore, a complete study including molecular and biochemical experiments was carried out to assess the TaSUT1 and TaSUT2 genes expression, reactive oxygen species: superoxide radical (O 2 • -) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), production and antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), activity as well as non-enzymatic antioxidants: ascorbate, α-tocopherol and carotenoid, content in flag leaf and other leaves of promising line N81-18 of wheat during post-anthesis. The TaSUT1 and TaSUT2 genes expression was identified in both flag leaf and other leaves, as the flag leaf had the highest genes expression. The activity of SOD and CAT significantly increased in both flag leaf and other leaves, which caused a decrement of O 2 •and H 2 O 2 content, respectively. Moreover, the ascorbate, α-tocopherol and carotenoid content significantly increased as a cellular defence mechanism to minimize the damage due to oxidative stress caused during post-anthesis and leaf senescence. Overall, it can be concluded that flag leaf had the highest TaSUT1 and TaSUT2 genes expression as well as non-enzymatic antioxidants that could be considered as the main key for future genetic studies and practical breeding programs.

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Environmental impacts of energy use in wheat tillage systems: A comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) study in Iran

Cited by 56 publications

References 46 publications

Life cycle assessment to compare the environmental impacts of different wheat production systems

Life cycle assessment to compare the environmental impacts of different wheat production systems

Optimization Approach for Improving Energy Efficiency and Evaluation of Greenhouse Gas Emission of Wheat Crop using Data Envelopment Analysis

Expression profiling of two sucrose transporter genes during post-anthesis in wheat

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