Environmental impact of mineral transformations undergone during coal combustion

Chinchón, J. S.; Querol, Xavier; Fernández-Turiel, J. L.; López-Soler, A.

doi:10.1007/bf01704573

Cited by 37 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This suggests the occurrence of new particle formation processes by nucleation (nanoparticles o30 nm in diameter being formed; Kumar, Fennell, & Britter, 2008), which would result in higher particle number concentrations with a lower particle size. This was probably due to the S-bearing species in the raw material such as anhydrite (CaSO 4 ), which decomposes at high temperatures (Chinchón, Querol, Fernández-Turiel, & López-Soler, 1991), into CaO and SO 2 . In the furnace, SO 2 probably causes nucleation events induced by H 2 SO 4 as exhaust gases cool down (Kulmala et al, 2004).…”

Section: Particle Formation and Emission Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafine and nanoparticle formation and emission mechanisms during laser processing of ceramic materials

Fonseca

Viana

Querol

et al. 2015

Journal of Aerosol Science

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a b s t r a c tThe use of laser technology in the ceramic industry is undergoing an increasing trend, as it improves surface properties. The present work aimed to assess ultrafine and nanoparticle emissions from two different types of laser treatments (tile sintering and ablation) applied to two types of tiles. New particle formation mechanisms were identified, as well as primary nanoparticle emissions, with concentrations reaching up to 6.7 Â 10 6 particles cm À 3 and a mean diameter of 18 nm. Nanoparticle emission patterns were strongly dependent on temperature and raw tile chemical composition. Nucleation events were detected during the thermal treatment independently of the laser application. TEM images evidenced spherical ultrafine particles, originating from the tile melting processes. When transported across the indoor environment, particles increased in size (up to 38 nm) with concentrations remaining high (2.3 Â 10 6 particles cm À 3 ). Concentrations of metals such as Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr, As and TI were found in particles o 250 nm.

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Section: Particle Formation and Emission Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafine and nanoparticle formation and emission mechanisms during laser processing of ceramic materials

Fonseca

Viana

Querol

et al. 2015

Journal of Aerosol Science

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“…High proportions (commonly >60%) of an Al-Si glassy matrix containing minor and variable contents of Ca, Fe, Na, K, Ti, Mg, and Mn, with minor and variable amounts of a number of crystalline phases (most commonly quartz, mullite, lime, hematite, magnetite, feldspars, gypsum and traces of anhydrite, alkali sulfates, calcium silicate and aluminate, sillimanite, cristobalite-trydimite, wollastonite, and Fe-Al spinels) are the main components of pulverised-coal-(co)-combustion (PCC) fly ashes [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. The amorphous Al-Si glass strongly influences the reactivity of the fly ashes and plays a key role in their subsequent applications as a pozzolanic additive, for the synthesis of zeolites, or for the fabrication of geopolymers [2,6].…”

Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) is a standard tool to investigate the mineralogy of fly ashes from coal power plants [2][3][4][5][6][7]. Different methods have been employed to quantify from the XRD spectra the proportion of the crystalline phases as well as of the amorphous (glassy) content of the fly ashes [8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Rietveld analysis of the crystalline and amorphous phases in coal fly ashes

Ibáñez

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Moreno

et al. 2013

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ABSTRACT:X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) in combination with the Rietveld method was used to evaluate the proportion of crystalline and amorphous (glassy) phases in fly ashes produced in pulverized-coalcombustion (PCC) power plants. The quantification of amorphous phases through the Rietveld method is most usually carried out i) by using an internal standard or ii) by using a poorly-crystalline phase to represent the amorphous phase in the lineshape calculations. In the present work, we explore the usefulness of an alternative method that relies on the calibration of the broad XRD signal arising from the amorphous phase. This procedure, which does not require any spiking of the samples, provides a suitable alternative to evaluate in an easy, fast and consistent manner the amount of crystalline and amorphous phases in the fly ashes.

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“…Dissolution of MgSO 4 in to K 2 SO 4 was considered only in Grahmann's [22] phase diagram. The compound Mg 2 Ca 2 (SO 4 ) 3 was previously reported as Mg 3 Ca(SO 4 ) 4 [14,28] and was found to be a minor constituent of the ash from several conventional coal-fired power plants [29,30].…”

Section: Literature Data: Thermal Stabilities In the K 2 So 4 -Caso 4 -Mgso 4 Systemmentioning

confidence: 98%

Investigation of the K-Mg-Ca Sulfate System as Part of Monitoring Problematic Phase Formations in Renewable-Energy Power Plants

et al. 2020

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Besides the widely applied hydropower, wind farms and solar energy, biomass and municipal and industrial waste are increasingly becoming important sources of renewable energy. Nevertheless, fouling, slagging and corrosion associated with the combustion processes of these renewable sources are costly and threaten the long-term operation of power plants. During a high-temperature biomass combustion, alkali metals in the biomass fuel and the ash fusion behavior are the two major contributors to slagging. Ash deposits on superheater tubes that reduce thermal efficiency are often composed of complex combinations of sulfates and chlorides of Ca, Mg, Na, and K. However, thermodynamic databases involving all the sulfates and chlorides that would favor a better understanding and control of the problems in combustion processes related to fouling, slagging and corrosion are not complete. In the present work, thermodynamic properties including solubility limits of some phases and phase mixtures in the K2SO4-(Mg,Ca)SO4 system were reviewed and experimentally investigated. Based on the new and revised thermochemical data, binary phase diagrams of the K2SO4-CaSO4 and K2SO4-MgSO4 systems above 400 °C, which are of interest in the combustion processes of renewable-energy power plants, were optimized.

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Environmental impact of mineral transformations undergone during coal combustion

Cited by 37 publications

References 2 publications

Ultrafine and nanoparticle formation and emission mechanisms during laser processing of ceramic materials

Ultrafine and nanoparticle formation and emission mechanisms during laser processing of ceramic materials

Quantitative Rietveld analysis of the crystalline and amorphous phases in coal fly ashes

Investigation of the K-Mg-Ca Sulfate System as Part of Monitoring Problematic Phase Formations in Renewable-Energy Power Plants

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