Environmental Impact of Coffee Processing Effluent on the Ecological Integrity of Rivers Found in Gomma Woreda of Jimma Zone, Ethiopia

The Effect of Wet Coffee Processing Plant Effluent on Physicochemical and Bacteriological Quality of Receiving Rivers Used by Local Community: Case of Aroresa District, Sidama, Ethiopia

“…The current finding was similar with the findings of Gebremariam et al 18 from Bonga, zone, Ethiopia and Kebede, 20 from Jima Ethiopia who illustrated that the DO concentrations of their respective study sites were below the standard limit of EEPA. 12 A report from Fikreselasie, 16 described concentration of DO in natural water reduce (depleted) as a result of biodegradation of carbonaceous and nitrogenous wastes discharged into water bodies deposited in the sediment and the point or non-point input of plant limiting nutrients which leads to eutrophication.…”

“…Findings of Jini and Minuta, 17 revealed that, the organic compounds in coffee wastewater resulted in high BOD and COD. Also, Kebede, 20 reported that, average effluent from advanced coffee processing plants to be (3576 ± 667.7 mg/l) COD. Furthermore, the mean concentration of BOD was 2687 ± 518.04 mg/l which was above the EEPA standards.…”

“…Similar with the current study, different studies indicated that coffee processing effluents and the condition of water bodies nearby coffee processing plants were acidic. Findings of Kebede, 20 revealed pH 4.3 from water bodies found near conventional wet coffee processing plants after receiving effluent wastewater from these systems. Reports from Beyene et al, 2 also indicated that, coffee waste is known to lower the pH, and acidic waters (pH 4.5) were recorded during the peak coffee-processing season in 2007.…”

Application of Principal Component Analysis in Surface Water Quality Monitoring

“…The high oxygen weighted average for oxygen loving species of Hydropsychidae (HYD), Baetidae (BAE), Heptagenidae (HEP), Perlidae (PER) and Psychodidae (PSY) is as expected since Heptagenidae is in Ephemeroptera family while Hydropsychidae, Perlidae and Psychodidae are in Trichoptera family. Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera and Plecoptera are considered to be abundant in oxygen rich water, very sensitive for pollution and used as a water quality monitoring index in Ethiopia (Kebede et al, 2010;Legesse, 2001). Therefore sites 8 (Sugo lower), 6 (Chiseche lower), 7 (Songa upper), 11 (Janje upper), and 15 (Gurracho upper) had higher DO values than the rest sites.…”

“…Overall, simplification of water quality parameters to easily quantifiable ones eases water quality monitoring programmes. Kebede et al (2010) applied PCA to detect changes in community composition of macronvertebrates arising from wet coffee processing effluents in major coffee producing region of Ethiopia by comparing upstream sites (control sites without any impact from the effluent and other possible pollutants because of their location above processing stations) with downstream locations (locations below coffee processing stations which are effluent receivers). The relationships between the environmental and biological data were assessed using canonical multivariate analysis with the software program CANOCO 4.5 (ter Braak, Smilauer 2002).…”